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Sorghum
- In Andhra Pradesh, rabi sorghum is grown in an area of
4.58 lakh ha, with a productivity of 698 kg/ha. In southern Telangana
Zone, it is grown in an area of 1.24 lakh ha with a productivity of
751 kg/ha (2003-04).
Recommended varieties / hybrids
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Variety
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Pedigree
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Duration (days)
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Average yield (q/ha)
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Remarks
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CSH – 13R
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296AxRS29
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110
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30
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Tall hybrid with more fodder than CSH –5 and CSH
–9. Suitable for Maghi and Rabi
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CSV –8R (SPV 86)
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R16xR24
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120
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20
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Grain bold in size and pearly-white. Suitable for
Maghi and Rabi.
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RSV –9R (SPV – 504) (Swati)
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SPV86xM35-1
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120
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20
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More fodder and better threshability compared to
CSV8-R.
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M35-1
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Maldandi Local
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115
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20
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Tall, bold good quality grain, tolerant to major
pests and diseases.
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CSV –14R (SPV-839)
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1135-1 X [(CS 2947 X
CS 2644) X X53-1)]
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115
120
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25
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Grows to 180-200cm tall.
Grain in white.
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Nandyala Tella Jonna-1
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148 x 1963
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105
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30
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Grain medium in size pearly-white. No problem of
threshability and tolerant to drought.
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Nandyala Tella Jonna-2 (NJ – 2122) (SPV-913)
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Sel : from E.1966
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100
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30
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Early, grain bold, pearly-white, good quality and
freely threshable, drought tolerant.
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Nandyala Tella Jonna –3 (NJ-2196)
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NJ-2092 x POD 24
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110
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30
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Tall but non-lodging grain round, medium bold and
pearly-white, tolerant to charcoal rot.
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CSV – 216 R
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105
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30
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Tall, owned, suitable for rabi.
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Sowing time
- Middle of September to middle of October.
Seed rate
- 8kg/ha with spacing of 45cm x 12-15cm.
Manuring
- Ten tonnes of FYM or compost, 60 kg N and 30 kg P2O5/ha.
Intercultivation
- Intercultivation with small tyned harrow (danthi) has
to be done at 20-25 days age of the crop for removal of weeds as well
as loosening of soil. Hand weeding may be done to remove the weeds in
rows.
Chemical weed control
- Atrizine @ 0.5 –1.0kg a.i/ha as pre-emergence and 2,4-D
@ 1.0-1.5kg a.i/ha 15-20 DAS.
Pest & Diseases – Damage – Control Measures
Pests
1. Shootfly (Atherigona soccata)
Causes dead hearts : Sow early and avoid shootfly. Seed
treatment with Carbofuran 50SP @ 100gm/kg of seed. Spray endosulfan @
2ml/l thrice at weekly interval, starting from one week after germination.
2. Aphids (Rhophalesiphum maidis)
Nymphs and adults suck plant sap from leaves, stem and panicle.
Spray methyl demeton or Dimethoate @ 1-1.5ml/l of on lower surface of
leaves.
3. Stem borer (Chilo partellus)
Causes shot holes in leaves and tunnelling of stem.
Apply in whorls granules of 3% Carbofuran or 4% Carbaryl or 4% Endosulfan
twice, on 25th and 35th days after germination @
6-8kg/ha.
4. Head bug (Calocoris angustatus)
Nymphs and adults suck sap from developing grain resulting
in shrivelled grain. Dust ear heads after emergence with 5% Carbaryl @
20kg/ha. If necessary give a second dusting after a week.
5. Midge (Contarinia sorghicola)
Larvae feed on the ovary preventing normal grain development.
Endosulfan spray @ 2ml/l or 5% carbaryl dust @ 20kg/ha at 50% emergence
and second treatment after full emergence of heads.
Diseases
1. Grain smut (Sphacelotheca sorghi)
Individual grain will be replaced by smut born. Can be prevented
by seed treatment. Sulphur @ 3-5g/kg of seed or Thiram @ 2-3g/kg of seed
or Captan @ 2-3g/kg of seed.
2. Sugary disease (Sphacelia sorghi)
Secretion of creamy sticky liquid (Honey dew) from infected
florets. Under favourable conditions followed by hard sclerotial development.
2-3 sprays of Benlate (0.1%) or Dithane M-45 (0.3%) are effective in controlling
disease, if sprayed at 50% flowering and again after an interval of one
week. Mechanical removal of sclerotia from seeds may be recommended by
washing in 3% salt water followed by 3 rinsings in water before sowing.
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