Benthiocarb Chemical name S - (4 - chlorophenyl) methyl dithyl - carbamotriate. Common name Benthiocarb (proposed withdrawn from ANSI) thiobencarb is being proposed. Other name Saturn, Saturno. Action pre emergence and early post emergence herbicide. Chemical properties Less soluble in water, very soluble in xylene, alcohol and acetone. Toxicity Acute oral LD50 (rat) 1903mg/kg Signal word Caution. Application Pre-emergence and early post-emergence herbicide for control of grasses, broad leaf weeds which infest rice fields, both wet seeded and dry seeded. Formulations E.C , 10% G. Butachlor Chemical name 2 chloro - 2,6 - diethyl - N - (butoxy - methyl) acetanilide. Common name Butachlor Other name CP53619. Action Selective pre-emergence herbicide. Chemical properties Amber coloured oily liquid soluble in water specific gravity 16.5 at 250C Toxicity Acute oral LD50 (rat, 3120mg/kg; Dermal LD50 (rabbit) 2510 to 5010mg/kg Signal word Caution Application For pre-emergence control of annual grass and certain broad leafed weeds in both transplanted rice grown in certain Asian and South American area. Formulations 5% G, E.C Oxadiazon Chemical name 2 - tertiary - butyl - 4 - (2,4 - dichloro - 5 isopropoxyphenyl)  2 1,3,4 - Oxadiazolin - 5 -one Common name Oxadiazone. Other name RP17623 Properties White crystals M.P. at 88 - 900C insoluble in water soluble in Chlorinated hydrocarbons. Toxicity Acute oral LD50 in rats, greater than 8000mg/kg Signal word Caution Applications Pre-emergence and early post-emergence control of annual grasses and broad leaf weeds. Formulations E.C and Granules. Fluchloralin Chemical name N - (2 - chloro ethyl - a, a, a, - trifluro, - 2,6 dinitro  - N propyl - P - toluidine. Common name Fluchloralin Action Pre - plant incorporated herbicide Chemical properties Orange - yellow crystalline solid. M.P 42 - 730C Toxicity Acute oral LD50 (rat) - 1500mg/kg. Low order of toxicity to  wild fowl. Toxic to fish. Signal word Caution Antidote Treat symptomatically Application Pre-plant and pre-emergence incorporated, for the control of annual grasses and certain broad leaf weeds Formulations E.C 2,4 - D Chemical name Lithium 2,4 - dichlorophenoxy acetate Chemical properties Non - volatile, water soluble metal salt Toxicity Acute oral LD50 (rat) - 850mg/kg. Signal word Caution Application Used as a post-emergence application for the control of  broad leaf weeds Formulations 5% G. Lolop Granules Chemical name Pytolidynyl 2,4 - dichlorophenyl carbomate Chemical properties Approx. 850ppm soluble in water boils at  154 - 1550C Action Herbicide for paddy weeds Toxicity Acute oral LD50 (mouse) - 850mg/kg. Formulations 5% G Nitofen Chemical name 2,4 - dichloro phenyl P - nitrophenyl ether Common name Nitrofen Other name NIP Action Pre or post emergence Chemical properties M.P 62 - 650C Toxicity Acute oral LD50 (rat) - 2630mg/kg. Application Control of no. of weeds in rice. Incorporation not recommended. Formulations E.C 25%, W.P 50% and 7.7% G MCPA Chemical name 4 - chloro - o - methyl oxy acetic acid Common name MCPA, metaxon Other name Agroxone, Rhonox Action Herbicide (hormone type) Chemical properties Like 2,4 - D except for replacement of one chlorine atom by a methyl group M.P 118 - 1190C soluble in water at room temp is 825ppm Toxicity Acute oral LD50 (rat) - 700 - 800mg/kg. Mouse 550mg/kg Antidote None, remove poison by inducing vomiting Application A translocated herbicide used as post-emergence for the control of annual and perennial broad leaf weeds Formulations Combinations With various free hormone type herbicide Propanil Chemical name 3,4 - Dichloro phenyl propionanilide Common name Propanil Other name Bay 30130, Chemrice Action Selective post-emergence herbicide (contact type) Chemical properties Dark oily liquid M.P 90.6 - 91.60C Toxicity Acute oral LD50 (rat) - 1384mg/kg. Application For post-emergence application to kill barnyard grass and various water weeds in rice Formulations E.C 2%, 25% Combinations Propanil plus wydac Propanide Common name Propanide Action Post-emergence herbicide Chemical properties It is crystallized substance slightly soluble in water, more soluble in organic solvents M.P 91 - 920C Toxicity Acute oral LD50 (rat) - 1300mg/kg. Application Effective for the control of barnyard grass Bentazon Chemical name 3 - isopropyl - 1, H - 2, 1, 3 - benzothiadiazin (4) - 3H - one   2, 2 dioxide Common name Bentazon Action Herbicide Chemical properties White crystalline. M.P 132 - 1390C soluble in water, (0.05%), ethanol (86.1%), benzene (3.3%) Toxicity Acute oral LD50 (rat) - 1120mg/kg. Signal word Warning Application Selective post-emergence control of broad leaf weeds Formulations Soluble concentration as the sodium salt of bentozone Pendimethaline Chemical name N - (1 - ethyl propyl) - 3,4 dimethyl - 1,2,6 dinitro benzenamine Common name Pendimethaline Other name Prowl, stomp Action Selective herbicide Chemical properties Orange - yellow crystalline M.P 54 - 580C soluble in water less than 0.5ppm at 200C soluble in chlorinated hydrocarbon and aromatic solvents Toxicity Acute oral LD50 (rat) - 1250mg/kg,    Dermal LD50 (rabbit) >5000mg/kg Signal word Caution Application Selective pre-plant incorporated - pre-emergence herbicide for the control of annual grass weeds and certain broad leaf weeds Formations E.C WP, G Paraquat Chemical name 1,1-Dimethyl-4,4- bipyridinium ion Present as the dichloride salt. Common name Paraquat. Other names Dextrone, Gramoxone Action Contact herbicide & desiccant Chemical Properties The dichloride salt is freely soluble in water,sparingly in lower alcohols, Insoluble in hydrocarbons. Stable except under alkaline conditions. No measurable vapour pressure strongly absorbed and inactivated by soil particles. Toxicity Acute oral LD 50(rat), 150mg/kg Aplications For desication of seed crops, for non crop and industrial weed control in bearing and non-bearing fruit orchards, shade trees, and ornamentals. For killing potato vines and aquatic weed control. Formulations: Soluble dichloride conc (2 pounds/1000 gallon) Weedol is a granular formulation containing 2.5% w/w Paraquat ion as the dichloride salt with diquat Dalapon Chemical name 2-2 dichloro propionic acid Common name Dalapon Other names Basfapon ,Unipon Active Selective herbicide Chemical properties The acid itself is not used directly. Commercial products usually contain 85% sodium salt or mixed sodium and magnesium salts of dalapon. Toxicity Acute oral LD 50 970 mg/kg Signal word Caution Antidote Treat symptomatically Handling and Storage Caution Do not contaminate water, food or feed by storage or disposed of this product. Do not use spray equipment contaminated with this product for any purpose unless thoroughly cleaned with a suitable cleaner. Applications Effective against quack grass , bermuda grass, johnson grasss and other perennial grasses Often it is used as a pre plant treatment to control established perennial grasses in crop land. It is translocated to the roots of most SPP and acts as a growth regulator. Combinations Dowpon contains 46.7% dalapon sodium salt + 7.8% dalapon magnesium salt + 30.6% TCA sodium salt Chloropon is a mixture with 2,4-D Combinations Pregloneweedol with diquat Gramonol---- with monolinuron Totarcol-----with dexruon Pathcleer---with diquat and simazine Glyphosate Chemical name N-(phosphonomethyl ) glycine Common name Glyphosate Action Herbicide Toxicity Acute oral LD 50,4300mg/kg Signal word Caution Application Shows much promise for the control of johnson grass applied just after harvest of such crops as grain sorghum and cotton. Pre emergence for the control of both perennial and annual weeds as a foliar application. Molinate Chemical name S-Ethyl hexa hydro-1,H-azepine-1,carbo thionate Common name Molinate Former name Hydrum Action Selective herbicide Toxicity Acute oral LD 50 (male rat )501---720mg/kg Acute dermal LD50 2000mg/kg Rapidly metabolised. Signal word Caution Application Particularly effective for control of water grass in rice. Formulations Emulsifiable liquid (8 pounds/gallons) ,Grannules 5% Combinations With propanil for use on rice Amitrole Chemical name 3, Amino-1,2,4-triazole Common name Amitrole 90,Amizole Action Non-selective, translocated Application Pre-emergence and post emergence Uptake & mode of action The chemical is absorbed by the foliage and roots and readily translocated to the meristematic zones. Properties    Melting point-153 to154 degree celsius    Solubility- soluble in water 28 gms/100ml at 23 degree centigrade    LD50value : 15000mg/kg Weeds controlled Cyanodon dactylon Cyperus rotundus Typha spp., Setaria spp.

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