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Varieties
- In the genus Curcuma to which turmeric belongs, so far 30 varieties
have been recognized.
- Curcuma longa is the most important economically accounting for about
96% of the total area under turmeric the remaining 4% is under C.
aromatica, which is mostly grown in small areas in East and west
Godavari districts of Andhra Pradesh and Thanjavur and South Arcot districts
of Tamil Nadu.
- Based on the duration of the crop, the varieties are categorised in
to three groups
- Long duration types ( 9 months)- Tekurpet, Duggirala, Armur and
Mydukuru
- Medium Duration types ( 8 months) - Kothapet, Krishna and Kesar
- Short duration types (7 months)- Amalapuram and Dindigram
- Duggirala, Kodur type, Tekurpet, Mydukuru, Sugantham , Alleppey, Kasturi
and Kesar are commercially popular in Andhra Pradesh.
- Duggirala type is grown in Krishna and Guntur districts, it has larger
rhizomes of good quality and is more suitable for heavy black soils
- Tekurpet is grown in Cuddapah districts in red loamy soils and rhizomes
have good colour and higher curing percentage.
- Mydukuru type is also grown in heavy loams of Cuddapah districts and
has a higher yield potential than Tekurpet but poorer in curcumin content
- Armoor is popular type in Nizamabad
- Kasturi and Kesari types are grown in Godavari Districts, which are
high yielding and fairly good in curcumin content.
- Among clonal selections, Cl.Nos.2A, 15B, 1C, 21A and 3D yielding 25-35
tonnes with a curcumin content of 9-14% are important. According to
the latest CPCRI report, the highest amount of curcumin has been found
in Edapalayam (10.9%) and oleoresin in Konni (19.2%).
Some of the important high yielding varieties of Turmeric
Suverna
- It is a high-yielding turmeric selection (NRCS, Calicut). In an all-India
survey conducted by the National Research Centre for Spices, Calicut,
184 accessions of turmeric were collected.
- Of these high-yielding accession designated a PCT1 to PCT9 were selected
in 1982 based on preliminary evaluation for 3 years.
- These 9 accessions were evaluated for their yield performance in
a multilocation trial (4 centres) for 5 years.
- It was concluded that (I) there were significant differences in the
mean yield of accessions, (ii) the selections PCT 2, PCT 5 and PCT8
were significantly superior, (iii) among these 3 selections, PCT 8 had
the maximum yield potential (43 tones/ha) and high curcumin content
(8.7%). This has been selected for release as Suverna.
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Seed Varieties