¬dsÉÓÁNRPÈíÁV 

Top

®ªsVVNRPäÌÁNRPV NSª«sÌÁzqs©«s F¡xtsQNSÌÁV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ ryµ³yLRißá |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁNRPV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ªyÉÓÁ ª«sXµôðj¶NTP, 16 ª«sVWÌÁNSÌÁV (F¡xtsQNSÌÁV) »R½xmsö¬s xqsLji @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVV. %dsÉÓÁ¬s »R½xmsö¬s xqsLji F¡xtsQNSÌÁV gS }msL]äLiÉØLRiV. C »R½xmsö¬s xqsLji F¡xtsQNRPª«sVVÌÁV, NRPßá¬sLSøß᪫sVVÍÜ[ ˳ØgRiLigS DLi²T¶, NRPßáLRiry¸R¶V©«s ¿RÁLRiùÌÁNRPV, aRPNTPò ¿RÁÌÁ©«sª«sVV©«sNRPV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV D¾»½[öQûLRiNRPª«sVVÌÁ ¿RÁLRiùNRPV Dxms¹¸¶WgRixms²R¶V©«sV. NSLRi÷©±s, \|¤¦¦¦ú²][ÇÁ©±s ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ANUP=ÇÁ©±sÌÁV xqsx¤¦¦¦ÇÁ zqsµôðR¶ª«sVVgS ÌÁÕ³ÁLi¿Á[ F¡xtsQNSÌÁV, ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ®ªsVVNRPäÍÜ[ 94aS»R½ª«sVV F~²T¶ ÊÁLRiVª«so ®©s[LRiöLRiVryòLiVV. B%s zmsLi²T¶ xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁV, úF~ÉÔÁ©±sÌÁV(ª«sWLixqsxmso NRPX»R½VòÌÁV) ª«sVLji¸R¶VV úN]ª«so* xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ ˳ØgRiLigS ©«sVLi²R¶V©«sV. B%s ¬sLSøßá úxmsúNTP¸R¶V»][ FyÈÁV, ®ªsVVNRPä |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ª«sXµôðj¶NTP NSª«sÌÁzqs©«s aRPNTPò¬s, aS*xqsúNTP¸R¶VÍÜ[ ˳ØgRiLigS zmsLi²T¶ xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ©«sV, ª«sWLixqsxmso NRPX»R½VòÌÁ©«sV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV úN]ª«so*ÌÁ©«sV ANUP=NRPLRiß᪫sVV ¿Á[¸R¶V²R¶ª«sVV µy*LS %s²R¶VµR¶ÌÁ ¿Á[ryòLiVV. ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s, ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV F~ÉØztsQ¸R¶VLi ª«sVWÌÁNSÌÁV, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁNRPV @µ³j¶NRP xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVÍÜ[ @ª«sxqsLRiª«sV¹¸¶[VùÈÁVª«sLiÉÓÁ, ª«sVVÅÁùQ\®ªsV©«s úFyµ³R¶%sVNRP F¡xtsQNSÌÁV. ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s, @%sV©¯[Aª«sýWÌÁV, ª«sWLixqsxmso NRPX»R½VòÌÁV, ª«sVLji¸R¶VV FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁ ¸R¶VLiµR¶V »R½xmsö¬sxqsLjigS DLi®²¶[ F¡xtsQNRPª«sVV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV Bµj¶ B»R½LRi úF~ÉÔÁ©±s NS©«sÈÁVª«sLiÉÓÁ xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ NRPW²R¶ ˳ØgRiLigS ©«sVLi²R¶V©«sV. FsxmsöV\®²¶¾»½[ ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s ¬s¸R¶V%sV»R½ (»R½NRPV䪫s) xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ ©«sVLiÈÁVLiµ][, @xmsöV²R¶V úF~ÉÔÁ©±s D»R½ö¼½òÍÜ[ ®ªs[gRiª«sVV »R½gæRiV©«sV, ª«sVLji¸R¶VV Bµj¶ ®ªsVVNRPä |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ\|ms úxms˳ت«sª«sVV©«sV ¿RÁWxmso»R½VLiµj¶. ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁV F~ÉíÓÁgS ª«sWLji, ¬sL`i¥¦¦¦Lji»R½ª«sVV©«sV ¿RÁWxmso»yLiVV. ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV, NRPßáxmso»R½*¿RÁª«sVVÌÁ, x¤¦¦¦Lji»R½ lLi[ßáVª«soÌÁ, \®ªsVÉÜ[NSLiú²T¶¸R¶V, xqsVgRiL`i Fny}qsöÉÞ= Fs.²T¶.zms.(@²T¶©¯[zqs©±s \®²¶ Fny}qsöÉÞ), Fs.ÉÓÁ.zms. (@²T¶©¯[zqs©±s \ÛÉÁQû Fny}qsöéÉÞ), ZNP[LiúµR¶ NSª«sýWÌÁV, Fnyr¡öÖÁzmns²`¶ÌÁV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV FnyryöéQ\ÛÉÁ²`¶= ¸R¶VLiµR¶V ¬sLSøßØ»R½øNRP ˳ØgRiLigS ©«sV©«sõµj¶. ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V aRPNTPò ¿RÁÌÁ©«sª«sVV»][, ÒÁª«s LRiry¸R¶V©«s ¿RÁLRiùÌÁÍÜ[ ª«sVVÅÁù Fyú»R½©«sV F¡ztsQLi¿RÁV©«sV. Bµj¶ ®ªs[LRiV |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ©«sV úF¡»R½=z¤¦¦¦Li¿RÁV©«sV. F~ÉØztsQ¸R¶VLi ª«sVWÌÁNRPª«sVV, NRPßáxmso»R½*¿RÁª«sVVÌÁ FyLRigRiª«sVù»R½©«sV úNRPª«sVxmsLRi¿RÁVÈÁ µy*LS ª«sVLji¸R¶VV NRPßáúµR¶ª«sùª«sVV©«sV xqsLji\¹¸¶V©«s ÇÁÖdÁNRPLRißá zqós¼½ÍÜ[ DLi¿RÁVÈÁ µy*LS, NRPßá úxmsúNTP¸R¶VÌÁÍÜ[ ª«sVVÅÁùQ\®ªsV©«s Fyú»R½©«sV F¡ztsQxqsVòLiµj¶. Bµj¶ NSL][÷Q\|¤¦¦¦ú®²¶[ÉÞÌÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ª«sWLixqsxmso NRPX»R½VòÌÁ D»R½ö¼½òÍÜ[ FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁ©«sV D¾»½[òÇÁ xmsLjiÀÁ, zmsLi²T¶ xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ ¿RÁÌÁ©«sª«sVV©«sNRPV »][²R¶ö²R¶VÈÁ µy*LS, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ bdPÖÁLiúµ³R¶ª«sVVÌÁNRPV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ËØùNíUPLji¸R¶VÍÞ ªyùµ³R¶VÌÁNRPV ª«sù¼½lLi[NRPª«sVVgS ¬sL][µ³R¶NRP»R½©«sV NRPÖÁöxqsVòLiµj¶. NSÖÁ¸R¶VLi, ®ªsVgkiõztsQ¸R¶VLi ª«sVLji¸R¶VV xqsÌÁöéL`iÌÁV µj¶*¼d½¸R¶V úFyª«sVVÅÁù»R½ NRPÖÁgji©«s, »R½NRPV䪫s xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ NS¬s »R½gRiV ®ªsW»yµR¶VÌÁÍÜ[ @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVgRiV F¡xtsQNSÌÁV. NSÖÁ¸R¶VLi, NRPßá»R½*¿RÁLiÍÜ[ ˳ØgRiLigS ©«sVLi²T¶, ®ªsVVNRPäÍÜ[¬s %s%sµ³R¶ FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁ©«sV D¾»½[òÇÁ xmsLRi¿RÁV©«sV. ª«sVLji¸R¶VV Bµj¶ NRPßá »R½*¿RÁª«sVV ¹¸¶VVNRPä zqósLRi»R½*ª«sVV©«sNRPV »R½xmsö¬sxqsLji @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVgRiV F¡xtsQNRPª«sVV. ®ªsVgkiõztsQ¸R¶VLi, xmsú»R½x¤¦¦¦Lji»R½Li ª«sVLji¸R¶VV úN][®ªsWÇÜ[ª±sVÌÁ ¸R¶VLiµR¶V ˳ØgRiª«sVVgS ©«sVLi²R¶V©«sV. Bµj¶ @®©s[NRP\®ªsV©«s FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁ©«sV D¾»½[òÇÁxmsLRi¿RÁVÈÁÍÜ[ D¾»½[öQûLRiNRP Fyú»R½©«sV F¡ztsQLi¿RÁV©«sV. %dsÉÓÁÍÜ[ ¿yÍØ ª«sLRiNRPV FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁV zmsLi²T¶ xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ D»R½ö¼½òÍÜ[ Dxms¹¸¶WgRi xms²R¶V©«sV. gRiLiµ³R¶NRP ª«sVWÌÁNRPª«sVV, gRiLiµ³R¶NRPª«sVV NRPÖÁgji¸R¶VV©«sõÈÁVª«sLiÉÓÁ @%sV©¯[ Aª«sýWÌÁV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV úF~ÉÔÁ©±sÌÁ©«sV D»R½ö¼½ò ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁÍÜ[ Dxms¹¸¶WgRi xms²R¶V»R½VLiµj¶. Bµj¶ úF~ÉÓÁ¹¸¶W\ÛÍÁÉÓÁN`P FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁ úNTP¸R¶VNRPV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ©«sW®©s xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ©«sV D»R½ö¼½ò ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁNRPV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[, ©«sW®©s xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVV©«sV |msLi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV »][²R¶ö²R¶V©«sV. HLRi©±s (B©«sVª«sVV), ÑÁLiN`P, ª«sWLigRi¬ds£qs, NSxmsL`i, ËÜ[LS©±s, ª«sWÖÁÕïÁ©«sª±sV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV Ný][Lji©±sÌÁV ®ªsVVNRPä |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁNRPV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ª«sXµôðj¶NTP »R½NRPV䪫s xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVgRiV F¡xtsQNSÌÁV. NSª«so©«s %dsÉÓÁ¬s xqsWORPQQø F¡xtsQNSÌÁV gS }msL]äLiÉØLRiV. ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁNRPV @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVgRiV xqsWORPQQø F¡xtsQNSÌÁV, »R½NRPV䪫s gS²³R¶»R½ÌÁ ¸R¶VLiµR¶V D¾»½[öQûLRiNRPª«sVVÌÁVgS gS¬s ÛÍÁ[µy ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ ÇÁLjilgi[ D¾»½[öQûLRiNRP ¿RÁLRiùÌÁ»][ xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶ª«sV©«sV gS¬s NRPÖÁgji ¸R¶VVLiÉØLiVV. cª«sWLigRi¬ds£qs, ÑÁLiN`P ª«sVLji¸R¶VV NSxmsL`iÌÁV, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ ÇÁLjilgi[ N]¬sõ ÒÁª«s ANUP=NRPLRißácORPQ¸R¶VNRPLRißá ¿RÁLRiùÌÁÍÜ[ ˳ØgRiLigS©«sVLiÉØLiVV. ª«sWLigRi¬ds£qs NTPLRißáÇÁ©«sù xqsLi¹¸¶WgRi úNTP¸R¶VÍÜ[ ˳ØgRiLigS ©«sVLi²T¶, N]¬sõ ª«sVWÌÁNRPª«sVVÌÁ ANUP=NRPLRiß᪫sVV©«sNRPV, FsÌÁNíSQû©±sÌÁ©«sV %s²R¶VµR¶ÌÁ ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ µy*LS (ÛÍÁ[µy) ¼d½xqsVN][ª«s²R¶ª«sVV µy*LS Dxms¹¸¶WgRixms²R¶V»R½VLiµj¶. cÑÁLiN`P ª«sVWÌÁNRPª«sVV, xqsÍØöéQ\|¤¦¦¦\®²¶QûÍÞ xmsµyLóRiQ\®ªsV©«s zqs{qís©±s ¿RÁLRiùNRPV, NRPß᪫sVV ¸R¶VLiµR¶V ANUP=NRPLRißácORPQ¸R¶VNRPLRißá aRPNTPò¬s úNRPª«sVxmsLRi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV Dxms¹¸¶WgRixms²R¶V»R½VLiµj¶. cNSxmsL`i F¡xtsQNRPª«sVV, \|qsÉÜ[úN][ª±sV ANUP=NRPLRißá ª«sVLji¸R¶VV AryäLji÷NSª«sýVª«so ANUP=NRPLRißá, zmns©¯[ÛÍÁ[ÇÞ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ÍØZNíP[ÇÞ ª«sLiÉÓÁ @®©s[NRP LRiNRP\®ªsV©«s FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ ˳ØgRiLigS ©«sVLi²R¶V©«sV. cª«sWÖÁÕïÁ©«sª±sV F¡xtsQNRPª«sVV, \®©súÛÉÁ[ÉÞ Lji²R¶ZNíP[ÇÞ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV \®©súÉÜ[ÑÁ®©s[ÇÞ FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ ˳ØgRiLigS ©«sVLi²T¶, ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s Dxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVV©«sNRPV, ª«sVLji¸R¶VV róyxms©«sNRPV Dxms¹¸¶WgRixms²R¶V©«sV. cNý][Lji©±s F¡xtsQNRPª«sVV, N]¬sõ FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁ ¿RÁLRiù©«sV D¾»½[òÇÁxmsLRi¿RÁVÈÁ µy*LS zmsLi²T¶ xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ D»R½ö¼½ò¬s úxms˳Ø%s»R½ª«sVV ¿Á[xqsVòLiµj¶. cËÜ[LS©±s F¡xtsQNRPª«sVV, FyÖdÁaSÅÁ\lLi²`¶ ÌÁV GLRiö²R¶VÈÁ©«sV úxms˳Ø%s»R½ª«sVV ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ µy*LS NRPß᪫sXµôðj¶NTP Dxms¹¸¶WgRixms²R¶V»R½VLiµj¶. Bµj¶, NRPßá»R½*¿RÁª«sVVÌÁ µy*LS úxmsxqsLjiLi¿Á[ ¿RÁZNPäLRiÌÁ©«sV úNRPª«sVxmsLRixqsVòLiµj¶. ª«sVLji¸R¶VV FnyÖdÁzms©«sÛÍÁ[ÇÞ FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVV ¹¸¶VVNRPä ¿RÁLRiù©«sV NRPW²R¶ úNRPª«sV xmsLRiVxqsVòLiµj¶. B©«sVª«sVV F¡xtsQNRPª«sVV, \|qsÉÜ[úN][ª±sVÌÁV, {¤¦¦¦Fsª±sV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ©y©±sc{¤¦¦¦Fsª±sV FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ ˳ØgRiLigS ©«sVLi²R¶V©«sV. Bµj¶ ª«sVVÅÁùª«sVVgS FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁ©«sV D¾»½[òÇÁxmsLRi¿RÁVÈÁÍÜ[ D¾»½[öQûLRiNRP Fyú»R½©«sV F¡ztsQxqsVòLiµj¶.

Top

FsLRiVª«soÌÁ @ª«saRPùNRP»R½©«sV gRiVLjiòLi¿RÁVÈÁ d @µ³j¶NRP ®ªsVV»R½òª«sVVÍÜ[ xmsLiÈÁ µj¶gRiVÊÁ²T¶NTP ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ª«sùª«sry¸R¶VµyLRiV¬sNTP gRiLjixtísQ ÍØ˳ÏÁª«sVV ¿Á[NRPWLRiV©«sÈýÁV ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁNRPV, xmsLiÈÁ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁNRPV @¬sõ F¡xtsQNSÌÁ©«sV xqsLji\¹¸¶V©«s ®ªsW»yµR¶V ª«sVLji¸R¶VV %sµ³y©«sª«sVVÍÜ[ @Liµj¶Li¿RÁVÈÁ ¿yÍØ @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVV. ®©s[ÌÁÌÁV, N]¬sõ úxms¾»½[ùNRP F¡xtsQNSÌÁ ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV©«sV NRPÖÁgji¸R¶VV©«sõxmsöV²R¶V, A F¡xtsQNSÌÁ©«sV NRPÖÁgji¸R¶VV©«sõÈÁVª«sLiÉÓÁ FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV µy*LS, @ÉíÓÁ F¡xtsQNSÌÁ ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV©«sV xmspLjiLixmsª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. C %sµ³R¶ª«sVVgS INRP ®©s[ÌÁ G LRiNRP\®ªsV©«s F¡xtsQNSÌÁ ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV©«sV NRPÖÁgji¸R¶VV©«sõµ][ ¾»½ÌÁVxqsVN][ª«s²R¶Li ¿yÍØ ª«sVVÅÁùQ\®ªsV©«s %sxtsQ¸R¶Vª«sVV. ®©s[ÌÁÌÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV xmsLiÈÁÌÁ ¹¸¶VVNRPä F¡xtsQNRP @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVVÌÁ©«sV ¾»½ÌÁVxqsVN][ª«s²y¬sNTPgS©«sV, ª«sùª«sry¸R¶V aSxqsòQû®ªs[»R½òÌÁV xqsVÌÁVª«sogS ª«sVLji¸R¶VV %sxqsòQX»R½LigS DLi®²¶[ úxms¹¸¶WgSÌÁ©«sV ª«sXµôðj¶ ¿Á[ryLRiV. %dsÉÓÁ®©s[ F¡xtsQNRP %sZaýP[xtsQßá úxms¹¸¶WgSÌÁVgS zmsÌÁVryòª«sVV. %s%sµ³R¶ %sZaýP[xtsQßá úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁ µy*LS, FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPxmso @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVV©«s ®ªsW»yµR¶V©«sV ¾»½ÌÁVxqsVN][ª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. @%s úNTPLiµj¶ %sµ³R¶ª«sVVgS ©«sVLi²R¶V©«sV. Fs) ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ©«sV gRiª«sV¬sLi¿RÁVÈÁ µy*LSMddd FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPxmso @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVV©«sV ¾»½ÌÁVxqsVN]©«sVÈÁÍÜ[, Bµj¶ INRP %sµ³y©«sª«sVV. µk¶¬sÍÜ[ ª«sV©«sª«sVV, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[¬s F¡xtsQNSÌÁ ÍÜ[xmsÌÁORPQß᪫sVVÌÁ©«sV NRPLiÉÓÁ»][ gRiª«sV¬sLi¿RÁVÈÁ µy*LS gRiVLjiòLi¿RÁª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. CÍÜ[xmsÌÁORPQß᪫sVVÌÁNRPV ª«sVWÌÁ®ªs[Vª«sV©«sgS FsxmsöV\®²¶¾»½[ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁV, @µ³j¶NRP F¡xtsQNRP ÍÜ[Fy¬sNTP gRiVLji @ª«so©¯[ @xmsöV²R¶V ª«sVLji¸R¶VV (ÛÍÁ[µy) F¡xtsQNRP ®ªsW»yµR¶V FsNRPV䪫sgS ©«sV©«sõxmso²R¶V NRPW²R¶, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁV %s%sµ³R¶ ˳ØgRiª«sVVÌÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V xqsöxtísQ\®ªsV©«s ÌÁORPQßØÌÁV ¿RÁW|ms²R¶V»yLiVV. C ÌÁORPQßØÌÁ©«sV, xmsú»R½ª«sVVÌÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V xqsöxtísQLigS gRiª«sV¬sLixmsª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ F¡xtsQNSÌÁ ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s, xmsú»R½ª«sVVÌÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V úxms¾»½[ùNRP\®ªsV©«s %s%sµ³R¶ LRiLigRiVÌÁV GLRiö²R¶V»yLiVV. ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ ÍÜ[xmsÌÁORPQßØÌÁ©«sV xqsVÌÁVª«sogS®©s[ gRiVLjiòLi¿RÁgRiÖÁgji©«sxmsöÉÓÁNUP, A ÍÜ[xmsÌÁORPQß᪫sVV, úxms¾»½[ùNRP ª«sVWÌÁNRPxmso ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s NRPÖÁgji©«sµj¶gS gRiVLjiòLi¿RÁ²R¶ª«sVV ª«sWú»R½ª«sVV @Li»R½ xqsVÌÁVª«so NSµR¶V. µk¶¬s N]LRiNRPV xmsLiÈÁ©«sV gRiVLjiLiÀÁ©«s @©«sV˳ÏÁª«sª«sVV ¿yÍØ DLi²yÖÁ. ÕÁ) ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ©«sV %sZaýP[ztsQLi¿RÁVÈÁ µy*LSM ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½©«sV ¬sLñRiLiVVLi¿RÁVÈÁÍÜ[, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ©«sV %sZaýP[ztsQLi¿RÁVÈÁ INRP xms¬sª«sVVÈíÁVgS Dxms¹¸¶WgRixms²R¶V»R½VLiµj¶. Bµj¶ C úNTPLiµj¶ @LiaSÌÁ©«sV NRPÖÁgji¸R¶VVLiÈÁVLiµj¶. 1) ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ NRPßáÇØÌÁxmso úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁV 2) xmspLjiò ®ªsVVNRPä %sZaýP[xtsQßá 3) ÒÁª«s LRiry¸R¶V©«s xmsµôðR¶»R½VÌÁV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ©«sV %sZaýP[ztsQLi¿RÁVÈÁ µy*LS INRP ®ªsVVNRPäÍÜ[¬s ®ªsVV»R½òª«sVV F¡xtsQNRP xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVV©«sV, A ®ªsVVNRPäNRPV xqsLRixmnsLS ¿Á[¸R¶VÊÁ²T¶©«s F¡xtsQNRP xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVgS ˳Ø%sLixmsª«s¿RÁVè©«sV, ª«sVLji¸R¶VV Bµj¶ A ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[¸R¶VV©«sõÈÁVª«sLiÉÓÁ F¡xtsQNRP xmsµyLóRi xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVV©«sV xqsWÀÁxqsVòLiµj¶. F~xtsQNRPª«sVVÌÁ©«sV xqsLRixmnsLS ¿Á[¸R¶V²R¶ª«sVV µy*LS ®ªsVVNRPäÍÜ[ ryµ³yLRißá |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ©«sV ¬sLñRiLiVVLi¿RÁª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. @LiVV¾»½[, C %sµ³y©«sª«sVVÍÜ[ ÀÁ©«sõ ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV NRPÌÁµR¶V. INRP ª«sVWÌÁNRPxmso (F¡xtsQNRPxmso) ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ »R½gæji©«sxmsöÉÓÁNUP, F¡xtsQNRP xqsLRixmnsLS G %sµ³R¶ª«sVVgS¸R¶VV©«sõ©«sV NRPßáúµR¶ª«sùª«sVVÍÜ[ B»R½LRi ª«sVWÌÁNSÌÁV(F¡xtsQNSÌÁV), ªyÉÓÁ xqsLRixmnsLS»][ xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶ª«sVV ÛÍÁ[NRPVLi²y gRiLjixtísQ xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVV©«sV ¿RÁW|msÈíÁª«s¿RÁVè. ®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½©«sV gRiVLjiòLi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV gS©«sV, ÇÁLji}ms (Dxms¹¸¶WgjiLi¿Á[) ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ NRPßáÇØÌÁxmso úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁV, ¿yÍØ úFyª«sVVÅÁù»R½©«sV NRPÖÁgji ¸R¶VV©«sõ%s. |msLRiVgRiV»R½V©«sõ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ NRPßáúµR¶ª«sùxmso úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVV »R½*Lji»R½ª«sVVgS ¿Á[¸R¶Vª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. xmsgjiÖÁ©«s NRPß᪫sVVÌÁ, NRPßáúµR¶ª«sùª«sVV©«sV xmsLkiOTPQLi¿RÁVÈÁ µy*LS, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[¬sNTP xqsLiúgRiz¤¦¦¦LixmsÊÁ²R¶¬s ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s, ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV, F~ÉØ£tsQ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV B»R½LRi F¡xtsQNSÌÁ©«sV gRiVLjiòLi¿RÁª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. NRPßáÇØÌÁxmso úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁV ÊÁx¤¦¦¦§ÎÏÁ úFy¿RÁVLRiùª«sVVÍÜ[¬sNTP ª«s¿RÁVè¿RÁV©«sõ%s. µk¶¬sNTP NSLRiß᪫sVV C úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁ©«sV ÇÁLRiVxmsoÈÁ ¿yÍØ xqsVÌÁ˳ÏÁª«sVV, C úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁNRPV NSª«sÌÁzqs©«s xmsLjiNRPLRiª«sVVÌÁV NRPW²R¶ ¿yÍØ »R½NRPV䪫s xqsLiÅÁùÍÜ[ @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVgRiV»yLiVV. ª«sVLji¸R¶VV C úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁ©«sV N]µôj¶ ¬sª«sVVxtsQª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ xmspLjiò ¿Á[¸R¶Vª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. xmspLjiò ®ªsVVNRPä %sZaýP[xtsQßá©«sV, xmsLjia][µ³R¶©«sÌÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V %sxqsòQX»R½ª«sVVgS Dxms¹¸¶WgjiryòLRiV. Bµj¶ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V F¡xtsQNSÌÁ úxmsª«sWß᪫sVV©«sV, xmsLjiª«sWßØ»R½øNRPLigS xqsWÀÁxqsVòLiµj¶. @LiVV¾»½[ INRP %sxtsQ¸R¶Vª«sVV©«sV ª«sV©«sª«sVV gRiVLRiVòLi¿RÁVN][ªyÖÁ, @®µ¶[ª«sVLiÛÉÁ[, xmspLjiò ®ªsVVNRPä %sZaýP[xtsQßá, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ¿Á[ xqsLiúgRiz¤¦¦¦LixmsÊÁ²T¶©«s ª«sVLji¸R¶VV xqsLiúgRiz¤¦¦¦LixmsÊÁ²R¶¬s F¡xtsQNSÌÁ xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVV©«sV lLiLi²T¶LiÉÓÁ¬s xqsWÀÁxqsVòLiµj¶. ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s, ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV, F~ÉØ£tsQ, NSÖÁ¸R¶VLi, ®ªsVgkiõztsQ¸R¶VLi, ª«sWLigRi¬ds£qs, ÑÁLiN`P, NSxmsL`i, HLRi©±s, ª«sWÖÁÕïÁ©«sª±sV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ËÜ[LS©±s ®ªsVVµR¶ÌÁgRiV ¿yÍØ F¡xtsQNSÌÁ©«sV C %sµ³y©«sª«sVV µy*LS ¬sLñRiLiVVLi¿RÁª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. C úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVV©«sV ÇÁLRiVxmsoÈÁNRPV ryµ³yLRiß᪫sVVgS xmsNRP*»R½NRPV ª«sÀÁè©«s ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ©«sV Fs©«sVõN]LiÉØLRiV. ÒÁª«s LRiry¸R¶V©«s xmsµôðR¶»R½VÌÁ µy*LS ®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½©«sV ¬sLñRiLiVVLi¿RÁV©«sxmsöV²R¶V, ¿yÍØ ÅÁLkiµR¶LiVV©«s xmsLjiNRPLRiª«sVVÌÁV @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVLiVV©«sxmsöÉÓÁNUP xmsLjia][µ³R¶©«s ÇÁLRiVxmsoÈÁNRPV C xmsµôðR¶»R½VÌÁV ¿yÍØ @©«sVª«sogS DLiÉØLiVV.   @®ªs[Vª«sV©«sgS 1) |msµôR¶ ®ªsVVNRPNRPÌÁ©«sV Dxms¹¸¶WgjiLi¿RÁVÈÁ   2) xqsWORPQQø ÒÁª«saSxqsòQû xmsµôðR¶»R½VÌÁV. zqs) FsLRiVª«soÌÁ úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁV ÇÁLRiVxmsoÈÁ µy*LSM ˳ØLRi»R½®µ¶[aRPª«sVVÍÜ[, \lLi»R½VÌÁ F~ÍØÌÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V, xqsVÌÁV\®ªs©«s úxms¹¸¶WgSÌÁV @®µ¶[ %sµ³R¶ª«sVVgS xqsLiNUPLñRi úxms¹¸¶WgSÌÁV, úFyµ³y©«sù»R½ NRPÖÁgji, úxmsÇصR¶LRißá F~Liµj¶©«s%s. \lLi»R½V F~ÍØÌÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V xqsVÌÁV\®ªs©«s úxms¹¸¶WgSÌÁVM ª«sVLiÀÁ ¸R¶WÇÁª«sW©«sùª«sVV gRiÖÁgji©«s úxms¹¸¶WgRi ZOP[QQú»yÌÁÍÜ[ ®©s[ÌÁÌÁV \lLi»R½VÌÁV rygRiV ¿Á[¸R¶VV ®©s[ÌÁÌÁ NRPLiÛÉÁ[ ryµ³yLRiß᪫sVVgS @µ³j¶NRP ryLRiª«sLi»R½LigS ©«sVLi²R¶V©«sV. µk¶¬sNTP ª«sVVÅÁù NSLRiß᪫sVV ªyÉÓÁÍÜ[ FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV,   LRiry¸R¶V©«s FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV, xqsLji\¹¸¶V©«s ¸R¶WÇÁª«sW©«sù xmsµôðR¶»R½VÌÁVLi²R¶VÈÁ¹¸¶[V. \lLi»R½VÌÁV rygRiV ¿Á[¸R¶VV ®©s[ÌÁÌÁÍÜ[ ÇÁLjizms©«s ¿yÍØ úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁ µy*LS, %s%sµ³R¶ µR¶aRPÌÁÍÜ[ F¡xtsQNSÌÁ ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV©«sV gRiVLjiòLi¿RÁ²R¶\®ªsV©«sµj¶. C úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁV xqsx¤¦¦¦ÇÁª«sVVgS xqsVÌÁVxmsogS ª«soLi²yÖÁ. (N,P,K,NP,NK,PK,NPKÌÁ©«sV úxms¹¸¶WgRi @LiaSÌÁVgS ª«soLi²yÖÁ) C úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁV, \lLi»R½VÌÁNRPV xqsVÌÁ˳ÏÁª«sVVgS @LóRiª«sV¹¸¶[Vù Lki¼½ÍÜ[, úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sLi»R½ª«sVVgS©«sV©«sõ%s. %dsÉÓÁª«sÌÁ©«s \lLi»R½V, F¡xtsQNSÌÁ ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV©«sV gRiVLjiòLi¿RÁ gRiÌÁVgRiV»y²R¶V. C úxms¹¸¶WgRiÌÁ xmnsÖÁ»R½ª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s xqsLji\¹¸¶V©«s FsLRiVª«so©«sV, xqsLji\¹¸¶V©«s ®ªsW»yµR¶VÍÜ[ Dxms¹¸¶WgjiLi¿RÁª«s¿RÁVè. xqsLiNUPLñRi úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁVM   C LRiNRPª«sVV úxms¹¸¶WgSÌÁ ¸R¶VLiµR¶V, @®©s[NRP NSLRiNSÌÁ©«sV(%sxtsQ¸R¶WÌÁ©«sV) IZNP[ryLji xmsLkiORPQ ¿Á[ryòLRiV. ª«sVLji¸R¶VV Bµj¶ %s%sµ³R¶ ª«sVWÌÁNSÌÁ(F¡xtsQNSÌÁ) ª«sVµ³R¶ù©«sV©«sõ xqsª«sVxqs*¸R¶Vª«sVV©«sV @µ³R¶ù¸R¶V©«sLi ¿Á[xqsVòLiµj¶. C úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁ µy*LS, xqsLji\¹¸¶V©«s FsLRiVª«so LRiNRPª«sVV©«sV, xqsLji\¹¸¶V©«s ®ªsW»yµR¶VÍÜ[, ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[(FsLRiVª«so©«sV) G xmsµôðR¶¼½ µy*LS ®ªs[¸R¶Vª«s¿RÁV詯[, ¬sLñRiLiVVLi¿RÁVN][ª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. C úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁV ¿yÍØ NýTPQxtísQLigS DLi²T¶ ÅÁLkiµR¶V»][ NRPW²T¶©«sÈÁVª«sLiÉÓÁ%s. %dsÉÓÁ¬s ÇÁLRiVª«soÈÁNRPV @©«sV˳ÏÁª«sª«sVV©«sV NRPÖÁgji DLi²yÖÁ. ²T¶) ®©s[ÌÁ xmsLkiORPQ ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ µy*LSM ®©s[ÌÁ xmsLkiORPQ©«sV ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ µy*LS, ®©s[ÌÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V ÌÁÕ³ÁLi¿RÁV %s%sµ³R¶ F¡xtsQNRP ª«sVWÌÁNRPª«sVVÌÁ©«sV gRiVLjiòLi¿RÁª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. ˳ØLRi»R½®µ¶[aRPª«sVVÍÜ[ C ®©s[ÌÁ xmsLkiORPQ @©«sV©«sµj¶ ÊÁx¤¦¦¦§%sµ³R¶ª«sVVÌÁVgS Dxms¹¸¶WgRixms²R¶V»R½VLiµj¶. µk¶¬s ¹¸¶VVNRPä ª«sVVÅÁù D®µô¶[aRPùª«sVVÌÁV. 1) ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ D©«sõ %s%sµ³R¶ F¡xtsQNSÌÁ xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVV©«sV ÊÁÉíÓÁ, ®©s[ÌÁ©«sV %s%sµ³R¶ »R½LRigRi»R½VÌÁVgS %s˳ÏÁÑÁLi¿RÁVÈÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV %dsÉÓÁÍÜ[ FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV©«sV xqsWÀÁLi¿RÁVÈÁ. 2) ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s NRPÖÁlgi[ úxms¹¸¶WÇÁ©«sª«sVVÌÁ©«sV FsLRi»R½ ª«sLRiNRPV F~LiµR¶ª«s¿RÁV詯[ ª«sVVLiµR¶VgS®©s[ ¬sLñRiLiVVLi¿RÁVÈÁ 3) ®©s[ÌÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s NRPÖÁlgi[ úxms¹¸¶WÇÁ©«sª«sVVÌÁ©«sV ¬sLñRiLiVVLi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV Dxms¹¸¶WgRixms²R¶V©«sV.   4) ®©s[ÌÁ ¹¸¶VVNRPä úxms¾»½[ùNRP xmsLjizqós»R½VÌÁ©«sV ¬sLóSLjiLi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV, @%s Gª«sV©«sgS, ®©s[ÌÁ OSQLRi»R½*ª«sVV, ¿RÁª«so²R¶V, Aª«sýV»R½*ª«sVV. B%s xmsLiÈÁ µj¶gRiVÊÁ²T¶¬s xmsLji%sV»R½ª«sVV ¿Á[ryòLiVV. %s%sµ³R¶ ¸R¶WÇÁª«sW©«sù xmsµôðR¶»R½VÌÁ©«sV @ª«sÌÁLiÕ³ÁLi¿RÁVÈÁ µy*LS C xmsLjizqós»R½VÌÁ©«sV @µ³j¶gRi%sVLi¿RÁª«s¿RÁVè©«sV.

Top

}qsLiúµj¶¸R¶V FsLRiVª«soÌÁV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ª«sW©«sWùL`i= (FsLRiVª«soÌÁV) ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ÇÁLi»R½Vª«soÌÁ (lLiLi²T¶LiÉÓÁ) xqsx¤¦¦¦ D»R½ö¼½ò xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ©«sV NRPÖÁzms }qsLiúµj¶¸R¶V FsLRiVª«soÌÁVgS zmsÌÁVryòª«sVV. ªyÉÓÁ ¿RÁLRiù ®©sª«sVøµj¶gS ª«soLi²R¶V©«sV. }qsLiúµj¶¸R¶V ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s FsLRiVª«soÌÁV @©«sgS ©«sW®©s gjiLiÇÁÌÁ ¿ÁNRPä , ¿Á[xms xmsµyLóRiª«sVV, ª«sµ³R¶ùaSÌÁÍÜ[ ¸R¶VV©«sõ FsLi²T¶©«s LRiNRPòª«sVV ®ªsVVµR¶ÌÁgRiV©«s%s. @LiVV¾»½[, }qsLiúµj¶¸R¶V ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV ËÜ[©±s %dsVÍÞ ©«sVLi²T¶ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV }qsLiúµj¶¸R¶V F~ÉØ£tsQ zms²R¶NRPÌÁ ÊÁW²T¶µR¶ ©«sVLi²T¶, ¿ÁNRPä ÊÁW²T¶µR¶ ©«sVLi²T¶, NRPV×ýÁ©«s FsLi²T¶©«s ANRPVÌÁV, F~gSNRPV ®ªsVVNRPä NSLi²R¶ª«sVV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV gRiVàáxmso ®²¶NRPä ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ ©«sVLi²T¶ ÌÁ˳ÏÁùª«sVgRiV»yLiVV. FsLRiVª«soÌÁVM vv FsLRiVª«soÌÁV @®©s[%s }qsLiúµj¶¸R¶V ÛÍÁ[µy LRiry¸R¶V¬sNRP xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁV. %dsÉÓÁ¬s ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ ®ªs[zqs©«sxmso²R¶V, INRPÉÓÁ ÛÍÁ[µy @Li»R½ NRP©«sõ FsNRPV䪫s F¡xtsQNSÌÁ©«sV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁNRPV xqsLRixmnsLS ¿Á[zqs, xmsLiÈÁ µj¶gRiVÊÁ²T¶ xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sV©«sV |msLi¿RÁV©«sV. FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV úNTPLiµj¶ %sµ³R¶ª«sVVgS ª«sLækiNRPLjiLi¿yLRiV.   }qsLiúµj¶¸R¶V FsLRiVª«soÌÁV LRiry¸R¶V¬sNRP FsLRiVª«soÌÁV @µ³j¶NRP xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ FsNRPV䪫s ®ªsW»yµR¶VÍÜ[ F¡xtsQNRP (NRPXú¼½ª«sV FsLRiVª«soÌÁV, ¿yÍØ »R½*Lji»R½ NSª«sÌÁzqs©«s FsLRiVª«soÌÁV xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁV NRPÖÁgji©«s FsLRiVª«soÌÁV ¿RÁLRiù©«sV NRPÖÁgji©«s, }qsLiúµj¶¸R¶V (FsNRPV䪫s xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ (»R½NRPV䪫s xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ xmsµyLóRiª«sVV©«sV NRPÖÁgjiÛÍÁ[©«sÈÁVª«sLiÉÓÁ%s) @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVgRiV©«sV. ®©sª«sVøµj¶ @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVgRiV (NSª«sÌÁzqs©«s) DµyM ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s xqsLiÊÁLiµ³j¶»R½ ¿RÁLRiù©«sV NRPÖÁgji©«s }qsLiúµj¶¸R¶V »R½*Lji»R½ ¿RÁLRiù©«sV NRPÖÁgji©«s @®ªsVø¬s¸R¶Vª±sV. xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁV) }qsLiúµj¶¸R¶V xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁV) ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV, F~ÉØztsQ¸R¶Vª±sV DµyM }ms²R¶, g]úlLi, N][²T¶, DµyM ®ªs[LRiVaRP©«sgRi ¿ÁNRPä, ª«sVLji¸R¶VV xqsÛÍÁ[öéÉÞ FsLRiVª«soÌÁV. xmsLiµj¶, ®ªs[VNRP, gRiVúLRixmso FsLRiVª«soÌÁV, Aª«sVVµR¶xmso ¿ÁNRPä, ËÜ[©±s %dsVÍÞ, NRPLiF¡£qís, xmsÀÁèL]ÈíÁ, {qs®ªs[ÇÞ, ¥¦¦¦L`iõ %dsVÍÞ, ¿ÁNRPä ÊÁW²T¶µR¶, (ª«sVVLRiVgRiV¬dsLRiV) xqýs²`ê¶. úxms¼½ò ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ÖÁ©±s {qs²`¶ %dsVÍÞ.

Top

LRiry¸R¶V¬sNRP FsLRiVª«soÌÁVM ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬sM   ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s ª«sVWÌÁNRPª«sVV, ªyßÓáÇÁù FsLRiVª«soÌÁ LRiWxmsª«sVVÍÜ[ Dxms¹¸¶WgjiLi¿Á[ ®ªsVVÈíÁ®ªsVVµR¶ÉÓÁ LRiry¸R¶V©«s xqósWÌÁF¡xtsQNRPª«sVV. ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ F¡xtsQßáÍÜ[ ¿yÍØ ª«sVVÅÁùQ\®ªsV©«sÈÁVª«sLiÉÓÁµj¶ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV µk¶¬s úxms˳ت«sª«sVV ¿yÍØ »R½*Lji»R½ª«sVVgS ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ÊÁz¤¦¦¦LæRi»R½ª«sVVgS NRP¬szmsxqsVòLiµj¶. ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ F¡xtsQßáÍÜ[ ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s Fyú»R½M 1) ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V ª«sWLixqs NRPX»R½VòÌÁ ¬sLSøßá úNTP¸R¶VÍÜ[ úxms¾»½[ùNRP úFyª«sVVÅÁù»R½©«sV NRPÖÁgjiª«soLiÈÁVLiµj¶. 2) Bµj¶ ®ªsVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ úxms¼½ ÒÁ%sLiÀÁ¸R¶VV©«sõ NRPß᪫sVV ¸R¶VLiµR¶V ˳ØgRiª«sVVgS ©«sVLiÈÁVLiµj¶. 3) Bµj¶ xmsú»R½x¤¦¦¦Lji»R½ª«sVVÍÜ[ NRPW²R¶ ˳ØgRiLigS ©«sVLi²R¶V©«sV. 4) NTPLRißáÇÁ©«sù xqsLi¹¸¶WgRi úNTP¸R¶V, aS*xqsúNTP¸R¶V ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ª«sWLixqsNRPX»R½VòÌÁ ¬sLSøßá úNTP¸R¶VÍÜ[ Dxms¹¸¶WgRixms²R¶V»R½VLiµj¶. 5) ®ªsVVNRPä aSÐdÁ¸R¶V |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁNRPV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁNRPV gS²³R¶ ANRPV xms¿RÁè LRiLigRiV©«sV NRPÌÁVgRi ÛÇÁ[¸R¶VVÈÁÍÜ[ ª«sVVÅÁù Fyú»R½©«sV F¡ztsQLi¿RÁV©«sV. INRP ®ªs[ÎÏÁ ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s¬s @µ³j¶NRP xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ Dxms¹¸¶WgjiLiÀÁ©«sÈíÁLiVV¾»½[, ®ªsVVNRPäÍÜ[ aSÐdÁ¸R¶V |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ©«sV úF¡»R½=z¤¦¦¦Li¿RÁVÈÁ µy*­S, xmsNRP*»R½©«sV AÌÁxqsùª«sVgRiV©«sÈýÁV ¿Á[¸R¶VV©«sV. xmsú»R½ª«sVVÌÁV gS²³R¶ ANRPV xms¿RÁè LRiLigRiVÍÜ[¬sNTP ª«sWLji, ª«sVLiµR¶ª«sVVgS ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ÕÁLRiVxqsVgS ª«sWLRiV»yLiVV. ®ªsVNRPäÌÁV, xmsoLRiVgRiVÌÁNRPV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ªyùµ³R¶ÌÁNRPV »R½*LRigS ÍÜ[©«sª«so»yLiVV. µ³y©«sùxmso gjiLiÇÁÌÁ (ª«sLji Çؼ½) ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ gRi²ïT¶ ÊÁÌÁ{¤¦¦¦©«sª«sVVgS ©«sVLi²T¶ xmsLiÈÁ ®©s[ÌÁ\|ms xms²T¶F¡»R½VLiµj¶. ª«sVLji¸R¶VV gRi²ïT¶, gjiLiÇÁÌÁ ¬sxtsQö¼½òÍÜ[ FsNRPV䪫sgS DLiÈÁVLiµj¶. ©«sú»R½ÇÁ©«s¬s @µ³j¶NRP xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ Dxms¹¸¶WgjiLiÀÁ©«sxmso²R¶V F~ÉØÉÜ[(ÊÁLigSÎØ µR¶VLixms), ËØLýki ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ¿ÁàáNRPV ®ªsVVµR¶ÌÁgRiV N]¬sõ xmsLiÈÁÌÁ ©yßáù»R½ ¿Á²T¶F¡»R½VLiµj¶. Bµj¶ úxms»R½Vù»R½ö¼½ò µR¶aRP©«sV AÌÁxqsùª«sVV ¿Á[¸R¶VV©«sV, ª«sVLji¸R¶VV xmsLi²R¶V (xmnsÌÁLi) ª«sVLji¸R¶VV gjiLiÇÁ ©yßáù»R½ÌÁ\|ms úxms¼½NRPWÌÁ úxms˳ت«sª«sVV©«sV NRPÖÁgjiLi¿RÁV©«sV. ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s ®ªsVVNRPä gji²R¶xqsËØLji xmsxqsVxmso LRiLigRiV ÛÍÁ[µy ÛÍÁ[»R½ ANRPV xms¿RÁè LRiLigRiV NRPÖÁgji©«s xmsú»R½ª«sVVÌÁV GLRiö²R¶V»yLiVV. xmsú»R½ª«sVVÌÁV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ÛÍÁ[»R½ xmnsÌÁª«sVVÌÁV (zmsLi®µ¶ÌÁV) xmsNRP*ª«sVV©«sNRPV LSNRPª«sVV©«sV}ms LSÖÁF¡»yLiVV. µ³y©«sùxmso gjiLiÇÁÌÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV B»R½LRi xmsLiÈÁÌÁ %s»R½ò©«sª«sVVÌÁ ÕdÁÇÁµR¶ÎÏÁª«sVVÌÁV ryµ³yLRißá xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVV©«sV F~LiµR¶ÛÍÁ[NRP, ª«sVV²R¶V¿RÁVNRPV F¡LiVV, ÊÁLRiVª«so©«sV N][ÍÜ[ö»yLiVV. ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVVM ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV lLiLi²R¶ª«s xqósWÌÁ F¡xtsQNRPª«sVV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV Bµj¶ úxms¼½ NRPß᪫sVV©«sLiµR¶V »R½xmsö¬sxqsLjigS DLi®²¶[, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ÇÁLi»R½Vª«soÌÁ F¡xtsQNRP xmsµyLóRiª«sVV. Bµj¶ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ @¬sõ ÒÁª«s ¸R¶WLiú¼½NRP ¿RÁLRiùÌÁÍÜ[ úNTP¸R¶W»R½øNRP Fyú»R½©«sV F¡ztsQxqsVòLiµj¶. Bµj¶ ¿yÍØ ª«sLRiNRPV FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ »R½xmsö¬sxqsLji ˳ØgRi\®ªsV, ª«sVLji¸R¶VV NRPß᪫sVVÌÁ, x¤¦¦¦Lji»R½ lLi[ßáVª«soÌÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV \®ªsVÉÜ[NSLiú²T¶¸R¶WÌÁ NRPßá»R½*¿RÁª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ ¬sLSøßØ»R½øNRP ˳ØgRiª«sVVgS ©«sVLi²R¶V©«sV. ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV, ®ªs[LRiV ª«sXµôðj¶¬s úF¡»R½=z¤¦¦¦Li¿RÁV©«sV, ®ªsVVÌÁNRPÌÁ |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ©«sV NRPW²y úF¡»R½öz¤¦¦¦LiÀÁ »R½µy*LS ®ªsVVÌÁNRPÌÁV »R½*LRigS ¬sÌÁµ]NRPVäN][©«sV©«sÈýÁV ¿Á[¸R¶VV©«sV. Bµj¶ xmsú»R½ª«sVVÌÁ ª«sXµôðj¶¬s AÌÁxqsùª«sVV ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ µy*LS ®ªs[LýRi ª«sVLji¸R¶VV NSLi²R¶ª«sVVÌÁ |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ©«sV úF¡»R½=z¤¦¦¦xqsVòLiµj¶. Bµj¶ úxms»R½Vù»R½ö¼½ò ˳ØgRiª«sVVÌÁ ª«sXµôðj¶¬s @µ³j¶NRPª«sVV ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ µy*LS, xmsLiÈÁÌÁV »R½*Lji»R½ª«sVVgS xmsNRP*ª«sVV©«sNRPV ª«s¿RÁVè©«sÈýÁV ¿Á[¸R¶VV©«sV. Bµj¶ ª«sVVÅÁùª«sVVgS µ³y©«sùxmso gjiLiÇÁÌÁ (ª«sLji Çؼ½) ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ zmsÌÁNRPÌÁ xqsLiÅÁù©«sV |msLiÀÁ, gRi²ïT¶¬s ÊÁÌÁLigS DLi²R¶V©«sÈýÁV ¿Á[zqs, xmsLiÈÁ ®©s[ÌÁ\|ms xms²T¶F¡NRPVLi²y NSFy²R¶V»R½VLiµj¶. Bµj¶ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁV xmsoztsQöLi¿RÁVÈÁÍÜ[©«sV, xmnsÌÁª«sVVÌÁ©«sV GLRiöLRi¿RÁVÈÁ©«sV, %s»R½ò©«sª«sVVÌÁV GLRiö²R¶VÈÁ©«sV, ®ªs[LRiV xmsLiÈÁÌÁ ¸R¶VLiµR¶V ®ªs[LýRi ª«sXµôðj¶¬s úF¡»R½=z¤¦¦¦xqsVòLiµj¶. ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV, ÛÍÁgRiWùª±sV xmsLiÈÁÌÁ\|ms úxms¾»½[ùNRP\®ªsV©«s ¿RÁLRiù©«sV NRPÖÁgji ¸R¶VVLiÈÁVLiµj¶. ªyÉÓÁÍÜ[ ®ªs[LRiV ÊÁV²T¶|msÌÁV GLRiö²R¶V©«sÈýÁV ¿Á[zqs \lLiÇÜ[ÕÁ¸R¶VLi úxmsúNTP¸R¶VNRPV »][²R¶ö²R¶V©«sV. ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV©«sV @µ³j¶NRP ®ªsW»yµR¶VÍÜ[ ªy²T¶©«sxmso²R¶V, @µ³j¶NRPª«sVVgS ®ªs[LýRiV ª«s¿RÁVè©«sÈýÁV ¿Á[¸R¶VV©«sV. ª«sVVÅÁùª«sVVgS FyLRi+Q*xmso ª«sVLji¸R¶VV @ÊÁV÷LRixmso ®ªs[LýRi©«sV @µ³j¶NRPª«sVV ¿Á[¸R¶VV©«sV. Bµj¶ N]¬sõ xqsWORPQQø F¡xtsQNRPª«sVVÌÁ (ª«sVVÅÁùª«sVVgS HLRi©±s ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ÑÁLiN`P) ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV©«sNRPV µyLji¼d½¸R¶VV©«sV. ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s, ®ªs[LýRi ª«sVLji¸R¶VV NSLi²R¶xmso |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ ª«sVLiµR¶gjixqsVòLiµj¶. ANRPVÌÁV ª«sVVLiµR¶VgS®©s[ LSÖÁF¡»yLiVV. ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁV xmsoztsQöLi¿RÁVÈÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV xmnsÌÁª«sVVÌÁV ª«s¿RÁVèÈÁ ¿yÍØ AÌÁxqsùª«sVgRiV©«sV. ÊÁLigSÎØ µR¶VLixms xmsLiÈÁÍÜ[, ˳Øxqs*LRixmso ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s, µR¶VLixmsÌÁÍÜ[ ú»R½VxmsöV g][µ³R¶Vª«sV LRiLigRiV©«sV NRPÖÁgji©«s ª«sV¿RÁèÌÁV GLRiö²R¶»yLiVV. F~ÉØztsQ¸R¶VLiiM F~ÉØztsQ¸R¶VLi FsLRiVª«so LRiWxmsª«sVVÍÜ[ ªy®²¶[ ª«sVW²R¶ª«s xqósWÌÁ F¡xtsQNRPª«sVV. F~ÉØztsQ¸R¶VLi©«sV, LRiry¸R¶V©«s úÉØzmnsN`P F¡ÖÁ£qsgS ª«sLñjiryòLRiV. Bµj¶ ®ªs[LýRi ª«sXµôðj¶ÍÜ[, ª«sXLi»R½ª«sVV©«sV ÊÁÌÁxmsLRi¿RÁVÈÁÍÜ[ A¥¦¦¦LRi xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ©«sV GLRiöLRi¿RÁ²R¶LiÍÜ[, ¿RÁZNPäLRiÌÁV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV zmsLi²T¶ xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ ¿RÁÌÁ©«sª«sVV©«sNRPV ª«sWLixqsxmso NRPX»R½VòÌÁ ¬sLSøß᪫sVVÍÜ[, aS*xqsúNTP¸R¶V©«sV úNRPª«sVxmsLRi¿RÁVÈÁÍÜ[, ¬dsÉÓÁ I¼½ò²T¶¬s »R½ÈíÁVNRPV®©s[µj¶gS ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ ªyùµ³j¶ ¬sL][µ³R¶NRP aRPNTPò¬s |msLi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV Dxms¹¸¶WgRixms²R¶V»R½VLiµj¶. NS¬s Bµj¶ B»R½LRi xqsx¤¦¦¦ ª«sVWÌÁNSÌÁV ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVVÌÁV ÛÍÁ[NRPVLi²y xqsª«sVLóRiª«sLi»R½ª«sVVgS xms¬s ¿Á[¸R¶VµR¶V. F~ÉØztsQ¸R¶VLi xmsú»R½x¤¦¦¦Lji»R½ª«sVV ª«sXµôðj¶NTP @ª«sxqsLRi\®ªsV©«s »R½xmsö¬sxqsLji F¡xtsQNRPª«sVV. Bµj¶ NTPLRißáÇÁ©«sù xqsLi¹¸¶WgRiúNTP¸R¶VÍÜ[ ª«sVVÅÁù Fyú»R½©«sV F¡ztsQLi¿RÁV©«sV. @©«sgS NSLRi÷©±s \®²¶ A\ZNPQQ=²`¶ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV \|¤¦¦¦ú²][ÇÁ©±sÌÁ©«sV ¿RÁZNPäLRiÌÁVgS ª«sWLRiVèÈÁNRPV, ¿RÁZNPäLRiÌÁ róy©«s¿RÁÌÁ©«sª«sVV©«sNRPV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV zmsLi²T¶ xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁV GLRiö²R¶VÈÁÍÜ[ Dxms¹¸¶WgRixms²R¶V©«sV. Bµj¶ ®ªsVVNRPä AL][gRiùª«sVV©«sV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ¾»½[ÇÁª«sVV©«sV @Õ³Áª«sXµôðj¶ xmsLjiÀÁ, úxms¼½NRPWÌÁ ªy»yª«sLRißá xmsLjizqós»R½VÌÁ©«sV »R½ÈíÁVN][©«sV %sµ³R¶ª«sVVgS ¿Á[¸R¶VV©«sV. Bµj¶ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ ªyùµ³j¶ ¬sL][µ³R¶NRP»R½©«sV |msLi¿RÁV©«sV. F~ÉØztsQ¸R¶VLi, ©yßáù»R½ gRiÌÁ NRPWLRigS¸R¶VÌÁ D»R½ö¼½òÍÜ[ úxmsª«sVVÅÁ Fyú»R½©«sV ª«sz¤¦¦¦xqsVòLiµj¶. Bµj¶ FsLi\ÛÇÁª«sVVÌÁ úNTP¸R¶VÍÜ[ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV µ³y©«sùxmso gjiLiÇÁÌÁ, %s»R½ò©«sª«sVVÌÁ xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVV©«sV (ÊÁLRiVª«so©«sV) |msLi¿RÁV©«sV. ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ ¬dsÉÓÁ xqsª«sV»fÌÁùª«sVV©«sV ª«sXµôðj¶ xmsLRiVxqsVòLiµj¶. zmsLi²T¶ xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ D»R½ö¼½ò¬s @µ³j¶NRPª«sVV ¿Á[xqsVòLiµj¶. F~ÉØztsQ¸R¶VLi ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[ |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ ª«sVLiµR¶gjiLiÀÁ NRPßáVxmso ©«s²R¶Vª«sVVÌÁV F~ÉíÓÁgS ª«sWLji, ®ªsVVNRPä gRiVÊÁVLRiVgS NRP¬szmsxqsVòLiµj¶. ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁV ¬sL`ix¤¦¦¦Lji»R½ª«sVVgS NRP¬szmsryòLiVV. xmsLi²ýR¶ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁÍÜ[, ANRPVÌÁV xmsxqsVxmso LRiLigRiVÍÜ[¬sNTP ª«sWLji FsLi²T¶F¡»yLiVV. Bµj¶ NSLi²R¶xmso N]©«s˳ØgRiª«sVVÌÁV ¿RÁ¬sF¡ª«soÈÁNRPV (FsLi²T¶F¡ª«soÈÁNRPV) NRPW²R¶ NSLRiß᪫sVgRiV©«sV. µk¶¬sÍÜ[xmsª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s NTPLRißáÇÁ©«sù xqsLi¹¸¶WgRi úNTP¸R¶V »R½gæRiV©«sV. ÊÁLigSÎØ µR¶VLixms xmsLiÈÁÍÜ[ µR¶VLixmsÌÁV ©«sÌÁVxmso LRiLigRiVÍÜ[¬sNTP ª«sWLRiV©«sV. ÛÍÁgRiWùª±sV Çؼ½ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁV, ®ªsVVNRPäÇÜ©«sõ, úxms¼½ò, F~gSNRPV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V úNTPLiµR¶ ANRPVÌÁ ÀÁgRiVLýRi N]©«sÌÁV FsLi²T¶ F¡»yLiVV.

Top

FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV Fs) FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ˳ÏÁW%sVÍÜ[ ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁ (}mýs£qs ®ªsVLiÉÞ)iM xmsLiÈÁ©«sV %s»R½VòÈÁNRPV ª«sVVLiµR¶VgS¬s ÛÍÁ[µy xmsLiÈÁ©«sV ®ªs[zqs©«s »R½LRiVªy»R½ gS¬s, G\®µ¶©y xmsLjiNRPLRiª«sVV ÛÍÁ[µy ¸R¶VLiú»R½ª«sVV xqs¥¦¦¦¸R¶Vª«sVV»][, FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV, ®©s[ÌÁ\|ms F~LRi úNTPLiµj¶ ˳ØgRiª«sVVÍÜ[, NSª«sÌÁzqs©«s ÍÜ[»R½VÍÜ[ ®ªs[xqsVN]ª«s²y¬sõ }mýs£qs®ªsVLiÉÞ @LiµR¶VLRiV. C FsLRiVª«soÌÁV, xmsLiÈÁNRPV NSª«sÌÁzqs©«s F¡xtsQNRP xmsµyLóRiª«sVÌÁ©«sV xqsLRixmnsLS ¿Á[ryòLiVV. C %sµ³y©«sª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s, xmsLiÈÁ©«sV %s»R½VòÈÁNRPV ª«sVVLiµR¶V ÛÍÁ[µy %s¼½ò©«s »R½LRiVªy»R½, ª«sVLji¸R¶VV |msLRiVgRiV»R½V©«sõ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁV G µR¶aRPÍÜ[©«sV©«sõxmsöÉÓÁNUP, FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ ®ªs[xqsVN][ª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. C úNTPLiµR¶ xqsWÀÁLiÀÁ©«s %sµ³R¶ª«sVVÌÁV ryµ³yLRiß᪫sVVgS Dxms¹¸¶WgRixms²R¶»yLiVV. 1) ©ygRiÖÁ ryÌÁVÍÜ[M C %sµ³y©«sª«sVVÍÜ[, ®©s[ÌÁ©«sV µR¶V®©s[õÈÁxmsöV²R¶V, ryÌÁV @²R¶VgRiV ˳ØgRiª«sVV©«s, FsLRiVª«so©«sV xmsÉíÔÁ LRiWxmsª«sVVÍÜ[ ryÌÁV ®ªsLiÊÁ²T¶ ®ªs[¸R¶VVµR¶VLRiV. A »R½LRiVªy»R½ ryÌÁV©«sV µR¶V¬sõ©«sxmsöV²R¶V, xmspLRi*xmso ryÌÁVÍÜ[¬s FsLRiVª«so xmsÉíÓÁ ª«sVÉíÓÁ»][ NRPzmsö ®ªs[¸R¶VÊÁ²R¶V©«sV. C %sµ³y©«sª«sVV©«sV, xmsLiÈÁ |msLRiVgRiV»R½V©«sõ NSÌÁª«sVVÍÜ[, ®©s[ÌÁ\|ms ÍÜ[»R½VÍÜ[ ¾»½[ª«sV ÛÍÁ[©«sxmsöV²R¶V xqsWÀÁryòLRiV. ª«sVLki ª«sVVÅÁùª«sVVgS, ©ygRiÖÁ ryÌÁV @²R¶VgRiV ˳ØgRiª«sVV©«s, G ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[©«sLiVV¾»½[, gRiÉíÓÁ lLi[gRi²T¶ F~LRi DLi²R¶V©¯[ @ ®©s[ÌÁÌÁÍÜ[ xqsWÀÁryòLRiV. C %sµ³y©«sª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s, FsLRiVª«soÌÁV »R½²T¶ úxms®µ¶[aRPª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁ µy*LS, ¬dsÉÓÁ FsµôR¶²T¶ xqsª«sV¸R¶WÌÁÍÜ[ F¡xtsQNRPª«sVVÌÁV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁNRPV xqsVÌÁVª«sogS @LiµR¶VËØÈÁVÍÜ[NTP ª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. 2) ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ ÍÜ[»R½VgS ®ªs[xqsVN][©«sVÈÁM ÇÁFy©±s ®µ¶[aRPª«sVVÍÜ[, ª«sLji xmsLiÈÁ ¸R¶VLiµR¶V ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ˳Øxqs*LRixmso FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV FsNRPV䪫sgS C %sµ³y©«sª«sVV µy*LS ®ªs[ryòLRiV. ª«sVLji¸R¶VV C %sµ³y©«sª«sVV @ª«sVÌÁVNRPV ˳ØLRi»R½®µ¶[aRPª«sVVÍÜ[ NRPW²R¶ xqsWÀÁLi¿RÁÊÁ²R¶V¿RÁV©«sõµj¶. C %sµ³y©«sª«sVVÍÜ[ @®ªsVø¬sNRPÍÞ c ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s FsLRiVª«so\ÛÍÁ©«s @®ªsVø¬s¸R¶VLi xqsÛÍÁ[öéÉÞ ÛÍÁ[µy @®ªsVø¬s¸R¶VLi©«sV GLRiöLRi¿Á[ ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s FsLRiVª«so\ÛÍÁ©«s ¸R¶VWLji¸R¶W©«sV, ®©sÌÁÍÜ[ ÍÜ[»R½VgS ®ªs[ryòLRiV. @µj¶ @NRPä²R¶ @®ªsVø¬s¸R¶W LRiWxmsLiÍÜ[®©s[ DLi²T¶, ®ªsVVNRPä aSÐdÁ¸R¶V |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ ËØgS ª«so©«sõ xqsª«sV¸R¶VLiÍÜ[ @LiµR¶VËØÈÁVÍÜ[ ª«soLiÈÁVLiµj¶. FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ ÍÜ[»R½VgS, úNTPLiµj¶ ˳ØgRiª«sVVÍÜ[ ®ªs[xqsVN]©«sVÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s, ®ªs[LýRi úFyLi»R½LiÍÜ[ ËØgS %sxqsòLjiLi¿RÁV©«sV. FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ÍÜ[»R½VgS, %s%sµ³R¶ %sµ³y©«sª«sVVÌÁ µy*LS ®ªs[ryòLRiV. Bµj¶ A¸R¶W úFyLi»yÌÁÍÜ[ rygRiV %sµ³y©yÌÁ\|ms Aµ³yLRixms²T¶ DLiÈÁVLiµj¶. ¬dsLRiV NRPÈíÁVÈÁ µy*LS xmsLiÈÁ xmsLi²T¶Li¿Á[ úFyLi»yÌÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V, FsLRiVª«so©«sV ryÌÁV úNTPLiµj¶ ˳ØgRiª«sVVÍÜ[ ®ªs[ryòLRiV. »R½LRiVªy»R½ ®©s[ÌÁNRPV ¬dsLRiV |msÉíÓÁ, ©yÈíÁV |msÈíÁVÈÁNRPV zqsµôðR¶ª«sVVgS ¿Á[¸R¶VVµR¶VLRiV. G úFyLi»yÌÁÍÜ[ ¬dsLRiV FsNRPV䪫sgS ©«sVLi²R¶©¯[, A úFyLi»yÌÁÍÜ[ FsLRiVª«so©«sV µR¶ª«sVVø ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁNRPV ª«sVVLiµR¶V ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ ®ªsµR¶ÇÁÌýÁV»yLRiV. »R½LRiVªy»R½ xms²ýT¶Lig`i (µR¶ª«sVVø) ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s FsLRiVª«so ®ªs[LRiV úFyLi»R½ª«sVVÍÜ[¬sNTP F¡»R½VLiµj¶. 3) ®©s[ÌÁ\|ms F~LRi úNTPLiµj¶ ˳ØgRiª«sVVÍÜ[ FsLRiVª«so©«sV ®ªs[xqsVN]©«sVÈÁM C %sµ³y©«sª«sVVÍÜ[, FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV, FsNRPV䪫s ryª«sVLóRiQùª«sVV ¸R¶VV©«sõ ¸R¶VLiú»R½ª«sVV xqs¥¦¦¦¸R¶Vª«sVV»][ ®©s[ÌÁ\|ms F~LRi úNTPLiµj¶ ˳ØgRiª«sVVÍÜ[ ®ªs[ryòLRiV. C %sµ³y©«sª«sVV©«sV bdP»R½ÌÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV xqsª«sVbdP»R½ÌÁ úFyLi»yÌÁÍÜ[ FsNRPV䪫sgS Dxms¹¸¶WgjiryòLRiV. %dsÉÓÁÍÜ[ xqsËÞcryLiVVÍÞ= (®©s[ÌÁ \|msF~LRi úNTPLiµj¶ ˳ØgRiª«sVV) FsNRPV䪫s Aª«sýV¸R¶VV»R½ª«sVVgS ©«sVLiÉØLiVV. C ®©s[ÌÁÌÁ ¸R¶VLiµR¶V, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁNRPV @ª«sxqsLRiª«sV¹¸¶[Vù F¡xtsQNSÌÁV ¿yÍØ »R½NRPV䪫sgS ª«soLiÉØLiVV. C xmsLjizqós»R½VÌÁÍÜ[ FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV, ª«sVVÅÁùª«sVVgS ˳Øxqs*LRixmso ª«sVLji¸R¶VV F~ÉØ£tsQ FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV, ®ªs[LýRi |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ ËØgS ©«sVLi²R¶VÈÁNRPV, ®©s[ÌÁ úNTPLiµj¶ ˳ØgRiª«sVVÍÜ[ ®ªs[xqsVN][ªyÖÁ. 4) ÍÜ[NRP\ÛÍÁÇÞ²`¶ }mýs£qs®ªsVLiÉÞiM C %sµy©«sª«sVVÍÜ[ FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ %s»R½ò©«sª«sVV ÛÍÁ[µy ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ©«sV µR¶gæRiLRigS ®ªs[xqsVN]LiÉØLRiV. FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV »R½NRPV䪫s xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ ªy²T¶©«sxmso²R¶V, C %sµ³y©«sª«sVV©«sV ryµ³yLRiß᪫sVVgS Dxms¹¸¶WgjiryòLRiV. µk¶¬s µy*LS ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV­ÁV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV F~ÉØ£tsQÌÁ zqósLkiNRPLRißá »R½gæRiV»R½VLiµj¶. ÕÁ) ÊÁÍÞä ÛËýÁLi²T¶Lig`iiM C %sµ³y©«sª«sVVÍÜ[, %s%sµ³R¶ ˳ݼ½NRP, LRiry¸R¶V©«s µ³R¶LRiøª«sVVÌÁV NRPÖÁgji©«s lLiLi²R¶V ÛÍÁ[µy @Li»R½ NRP©«sõ FsNRPV䪫s FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV NRPÌÁVxmso»yLRiV. µk¶¬s ª«sÌÁ©«s FsÈÁVª«sLiÉÓÁ úxms¼½NRPWÌÁ úxms˳ت«sª«sVVLi²R¶µR¶V. %sVúaRPª«sV FsLRiVª«so ¹¸¶VVNRPä ˳ݼ½NRP zqós¼½¬s ®ªsVLRiVgRiV xmsLRi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV gS©«sV, µy¬sNTP zmnsÌýÁL`i= ª«sVLji¸R¶VV NRPLi²T¶xtsQ©«sL`i= @®©s[ @µR¶©«sxmso xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ©«sV NRPÌÁVxmso»yLRiV. C %sVaRPª«sV FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV \|ms FyÈÁVgS ®ªs[ryòLRiV. zqs) ÖÁNTP*²`¶ xmnsLíjiQ\ÛÍÁÛÇÁ[xtsQ©±s (úµR¶ª«s LRiWxms FsLRiVª«soÌÁV)iM %s®µ¶[aSÌÁÍÜ[ C %sµ³y©«sª«sVV @µ³j¶NRP úFy¿RÁVLRiùª«sVV©«sV F~Liµj¶©«sµj¶. FsLRiVª«soÌÁ úµyª«sß᪫sVVÌÁV ª«sVVÅÁùª«sVVgS ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s, ˳Øxqs*LRiVª«sVV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV F~ÉØ£tsQ ÌÁ©«sV 1iM 2iM 1 ¬sxtsQö¼½òÍÜ[ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV 1iM 1 iM 2 ¬sxtsQö¼½òÍÜ[ NRPÖÁgji¸R¶VVLiÉØLiVV. C úµyª«sß᪫sVVÌÁ©«sV, ÀÁ©«sõ NRPWLRigS¸R¶V ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁV ©yÈíÁV©«sxmsöV²R¶V ®ªs[ryòLRiV. %dsÉÓÁ¬s ríyLíRiL`i r¡ÌÁWùxtsQ©±s= gS ª«sùª«sx¤¦¦¦Ljiryòª«sVV. ríyÈÁL`i r~ÌÁWùxtsQ©±s LRiWxmsª«sVVÍÜ[ N]µôj¶ xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ ª«sWú»R½®ªs[V FsLRiVª«so©«sV Dxms¹¸¶WgjiLi¿RÁª«s¿RÁVè. µk¶¬s ª«sÌÁ©«s lLiLi²R¶V xqsµR¶VFy¸R¶Vª«sVVÌÁV NRPÌÁª«so. 1) F¡xtsQNRP xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁV, ®ªsVVNRPä ®ªs[LRiV úFyLi»R½ª«sVV©«sV »R½*LRigS ¿Á[LRiVN]LiÉØLiVV. 2) úµyª«sß᪫sVV©«sV xqsLjigS %sÖdÁ©«sLi ¿Á[¸R¶V²R¶Li ª«sÌÁ©«s, @µj¶ |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ©«sV ¬sL][µ³j¶Li¿RÁNRPVLi²y DLiÈÁVLiµj¶. ríyLíRiÉÞ r~ÌÁWùxtsQ©±s Dxms¹¸¶WgjiLi¿RÁVÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s lLiLi²R¶VLRiNSÌÁ ©«suíyÌÁV NRPW²R¶ NRPÌÁª«so. @%s Gª«sV©«sgS ¬dsLRiV |msÈíÁVÈÁ xmsLiÈÁNRPV @ª«sxqsLRiLi ÛÍÁ[©«sxmsöV²R¶V @ xmsLiÈÁNRPV úµR¶ª«s LRiWxms FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ªy²yÌÁLiÛÉÁ[ NRPWÖdÁÌÁ @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVVFsNRPV䪫sgS DLiÈÁVLiµj¶ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV ¹¸¶VVNRPä zqósLkiNRPLRißá NRPW²R¶ @µ³j¶NRPª«sVgS DLiÈÁVLiµj¶. FsLRiVª«soÌÁ úµyª«sß᪫sVVÌÁ©«sV, ®©s[LRiVgS ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ ®ªs[zqs©«sxmso²R¶V, úxms¾»½[ùNRP\®ªsV©«s ryª«sWúgji @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVª«so»R½VLiµj¶. @©±s\|¤¦¦¦ú²R¶£qs @®ªsVø¬s¸R¶W ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s FsLRiVª«so úµyª«sßØÌÁ©«sV ®©s[LRiVgS ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ ®ªs[ryòLRiV. C %sµ³y©«sª«sVV, @®ªsVLjiNS xqsLi¸R¶VVNRPò LSuíyûÌÁÍÜ[ ËØgS úFy¿RÁVLRiùª«sVVÍÜ[ ©«sV©«sõµj¶. úµyª«sß᪫sVV©«sV %s»R½ò©«sxmso úNTPLiµj¶ ˳ØgRiª«sVV©«s 10 |qsLiÉÓÁ %dsVÈÁLýRi ÍÜ[»R½VÍÜ[ ®ªs[xqsVN]©«sõxmsöV²R¶V, ®ªsVVNRPäNRPV FsÍØLiÉÓÁ ¥¦¦¦¬s ÇÁLRiVgRiµR¶V ª«sVLji¸R¶VV F¡xtsQNRPª«sVVÌÁV ¿yÍØ »R½NRPV䪫sgS ©«sxtísQF¡»yLiVV. úµyª«sß᪫sVV©«sV, »R½NRPV䪫s ÍÜ[»R½VÍÜ[ ®ªs[xqsVN]©«sõxmsöV²R¶V @®ªsVø¬s¸R¶W ©«sVLi²T¶ ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s¬s ©«sxtísQF¡»yLiVV. ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s, ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV F~ÉØ£tsQ ©«sV NRPÖÁgji¸R¶VV©«sõ GNRP F¡xtsQNRPª«sVV NRPÖÁgji©«s ª«sVLji¸R¶VV %sVúaRPª«sV FsLRiVª«soÌÁV, ¬dsÉÓÁÍÜ[ ¾»½[ÖÁNRPgS NRPLRiVgRiV»yLiVV. C FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV, F~ÍجsNTP @Liµj¶Li¿Á[ ¬dsLRiVÍÜ[ NRPLjigjiryòLRiV. ¬dsÉÓÁ úxmsªyx¤¦¦¦ª«sVV µy*LS F¡xtsQNSÌÁV, úµR¶ª«s LRiWxmsª«sVVÍÜ[ ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ NRPÖÁzqs F¡»yLiVV. C %sµ³R¶ª«sVVgS FsLRiVª«soÌÁV ®ªs[}qs %sµ³y©«sª«sVV©«sV xmnsLíjilgi[xtsQ©±s @®©s[ }msLRiV»][ zmsÌÁVryòLRiV. ryµ³yLRiß᪫sVVgS, ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV FsNRPV䪫sgS C %sµ³y©«sª«sVVÍÜ[ ®ªs[ryòLRiV. ²T¶) FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ\|ms ¿RÁÌýÁVÈÁM @©«sV\®ªs©«s FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV úµyª«sßá LRiWxmsLiÍÜ[, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ xmsú»R½ª«sVVÌÁ\|ms xms²R¶V©«sÈýÁV ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁ. C úµyª«sß᪫sVVÌÁ©«sV »R½NRPV䪫s gS²³R¶»R½ÍÜ[ »R½¸R¶WLRiV ¿Á[xqsVN][ª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. B%s INRPÉÓÁ ÛÍÁ[µy @Li»R½ NRP©«sõ FsNRPV䪫s F¡xtsQNSÌÁ %sVúaRPª«sVª«sVV©«sV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁNRPV xqsLRixmnsLS ¿Á[ryòLiVV. ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁV @¬sõ F¡xtsQNRPª«sVVÌÁ©«sV, xmsú»R½ª«sVVÌÁ µy*LS úgRiz¤¦¦¦Lixms gRiÌÁª«so. %dsÉÓÁÍÜ[ N]¬sõ ª«sVWÌÁNSÌÁ©«sV ¿yÍØ »R½*Lji»R½LigS úgRiz¤¦¦¦Lixms gRiÌÁª«so. FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV xmsú»R½ª«sVVÌÁ\|ms xms²R¶V©«sÈýÁV zmsÀÁNSLji ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s, FsLRiVª«soÌÁÍÜ[ Aµy G%dsV DLi²R¶µR¶V NS¬s úNTPLiµR¶ xqsWÀÁLiÀÁ©«s xmsLjizqós»R½VÌÁÍÜ[ FsNRPV䪫sgS Dxms¹¸¶WgjiryòLRiV. 1) ®ªsVVNRPä »][ÖÁ µR¶aRPÌÁÍÜ[®©s[, ª«sVWÌÁNSÌÁ ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV, NRP¬szmsLiÀÁ©«sxmsöV²R¶V. 2) FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sxmso ryª«sVLóRiQùª«sVV©«sV »R½gæjiLi¿Á[ ®©s[ÌÁ ¹¸¶VVNRPä úxms¼½NRPWÌÁ ˳ݼ½NRP ª«sVLji¸R¶VV LRiry¸R¶V©«s xmsLjizqós»R½VÌÁV FsµR¶VLRiLiVV©«sxmsöV²R¶V. 3) ¬dsÉÓÁ FsµôR¶²T¶ xmsLjizqós»R½VÌÁÍÜ[, ®©s[ÌÁ ¸R¶VLiµR¶V »R½gji©«sLi»R½ ¾»½[ª«sV ÛÍÁ[©«sxmsöV²R¶V C xmsµôðR¶¼½¬s Dxms¹¸¶Wgjiryòª«sVV. C %sµ³y©«sª«sVV µy*LS FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ®ªs[¸R¶VV©«sxmsöV²R¶V N]¬sõ NRPxtísQª«sVVÌÁV NRPÌÁVgRiV©«sV. 1) INRP ®ªs[ÎÏÁ gS²³R¶ úµyª«sß᪫sVVÌÁ©«sV Dxms¹¸¶WgjiLiÀÁ©«sÈíÁLiVV¾»½[, xmsú»R½ DFyLi»R½ª«sVVÌÁV FsLi²T¶ F¡ª«soÈÁNRPV ÛÍÁ[µy ª«sW²T¶F¡ª«soÈÁNRPV AryäLRiVª«sVV NRPÌÁµR¶V. 2) »R½NRPV䪫s gS²³R¶»R½ gRiÌÁ úµyª«sß᪫sVVÌÁ©«sV Dxms¹¸¶WgjiLiÀÁ©«sxmsöV²R¶V, INRPryLji zmsÀÁNSLki ¿Á[zqs©«sxmsöV²R¶V, N]µôj¶ xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVÍÜ[ ª«sWú»R½®ªs[V F¡xtsQNRP xmsµyLóRiª«sVÌÁ©«sV ®ªsVVNRPäNRPV @Liµj¶Li¿RÁ gRiÌÁVgRiV»yª«sVV. 3) FsNRPV䪫s xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ FsLRiVª«soÌÁV ªy²R¶ª«sÌÁzqs©«sxmsöV²R¶V, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ\|ms ¿yÍØ ryLýRiV zmsÀÁNSLji ¿Á[¸R¶Vª«sÌÁzqs DLiÈÁVLiµj¶.   4) ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ FsLRiVª«soÌÁV ®ªs[}qs %sµ³y©«sª«sVV NRP©yõ, ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ\|ms xms²R¶V©«sÈýÁV FsLRiVª«soÌÁV ®ªs[}qs %sµ³y©«sª«sVÍÜ[ ÅÁLRiVè FsNRPV䪫sgS DLiÈÁVLiµj¶.

Top

®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«s»R½*Li ª«sVLji¸R¶VV µy¬s úFyª«sVVÅÁù»R½ ®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½ª«sVV©«sV, @µj¶ ®ªsVVNRPäNRPV »R½gji©«s xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVgRiV (»R½gRiV) ¬sxtsQö¼½òÍÜ[ xqsLRixmnsLS ¿Á[¸R¶VV F¡xtsQNRPª«sVVÌÁ , ®©s[ÌÁ ¹¸¶VVNRPä @©«sVª«sLibPNRP»y ryª«sVLóRiQùª«sVVgS ¬sLRi*ÀÁLi¿RÁª«s¿RÁVè©«sV, ª«sVLji¸R¶VV C F¡xtsQNRPª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ NSÌÁVxtsQù LRiz¤¦¦¦»R½LigS DLi²yÖÁ. ®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½ lLiLi²R¶V LRiNRPª«sVVÌÁVgS ©«sVLi²R¶V©«sV. Fs) xqsx¤¦¦¦ÇÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½. ÕÁ) AFyµj¶LiÀÁ©«s ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½ (ÛÍÁ[µy) NRPXú¼½ª«sV ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½. Fs) xqsx¤¦¦¦ÇÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½M ®©s[ÌÁ xqsx¤¦¦¦ÇÁª«sVVgS N]¬sõ F¡xtsQNRPª«sVVÌÁ©«sV NRPÖÁgji ¸R¶VVLiÈÁVLiµj¶. µk¶¬s¬s ®©s[ÌÁ ¹¸¶VVNRPä @©«sVª«sLibPNRP ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½gS gRiVLjiòryòª«sVV. ®ªsVVNRPä F¡xtsQNSÌÁÍÜ[ ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s, ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV F~ÉØztsQ¸R¶Vª«sVVÌÁV xmsLiÈÁ ryµ³yLRißá |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV µj¶gRiVÊÁ²T¶NTP »R½xmsöNRPVLi²y @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVgRiV»yLiVV. xqsx¤¦¦¦ÇÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½ ¬s¸R¶V%sV»R½ª«sVVgS ©«sVLi²T¶, ryµ³yLRiß᪫sVVgS ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½ÍÜ[ »R½gæRiVµR¶ÌÁ NRP¬szmsLi¿RÁµR¶V. ÕÁ) NRPXú¼½ª«sV ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½M ª«sW©«sWùL`i=, LRiry¸R¶V©«sxmso FsLRiVª«soÌÁV, ¬dsLRiV |msÈíÁVÈÁ, rygRiV ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ ®ªsVVµR¶ÌÁgRiV©«s%s ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ NRPÖÁlgi[ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½©«sV NRPXú¼½ª«sV ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½gS gRiVLjiòryòª«sVV. NRPXú¼½ª«sV ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½ NRPW²R¶ ¬s¸R¶V%sV»R½ NSLRiNRPª«sVV©«sV NRPÖÁgji ¸R¶VVLiÈÁVLiµj¶. úxms¹¸¶WgRiª«sVVÌÁ µy*LS ¾»½ÖÁzqs©«s %sxtsQ¸R¶V®ªs[Vª«sV©«sgS LRiry¸R¶V©«s FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV @µ³j¶NRPª«sVVgS ªy²R¶VÈÁ µy*LS, xmsLiÈÁ µj¶gRiVÊÁ²T¶ÍÜ[ |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ DLi²R¶µR¶V. ®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½M ®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½©«sV úxms˳Ø%s»R½ª«sVV ¿Á[¸R¶VV NSLRiNRPª«sVVÌÁV lLiLi²R¶V LRiNRPª«sVVÌÁVgS DLi²R¶ª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. Fs) xqsx¤¦¦¦ÇÁ NSLRiNRPª«sVVÌÁV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ÕÁ) NRPXú¼½ª«sV NSLRiNRPª«sVVÌÁV xqsx¤¦¦¦ÇÁ NSLRiNRPª«sVVÌÁV @©«sV©«s%s ®©s[ÌÁ GLRiö²R¶VÈÁ©«sV úxms˳Ø%s»R½ª«sVV ¿Á[}qs%s ª«sVLji¸R¶VV NRPXú¼½ª«sV NSLRiNSÌÁV ®©s[ÌÁ©«sV %s¬s¹¸¶WgjiLi¿RÁVÈÁ»][ xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶ª«sVV©«sV NRPÖÁgji ¸R¶VVLiÉØLiVV. ®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½©«sV úxms˳Ø%s»R½ª«sVV ¿Á[¸R¶VV NSLRiNSÌÁV Gª«sV©«sgS ª«sW»R½X xmsµyLóRiª«sVV, ªy»yª«sLRißá xmsLjizqós»R½VÌÁV, xqsx¤¦¦¦ÇÁLigS ª«soLi®²¶[ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁV, ®©s[ÌÁ ¿RÁµR¶V©«sV xqs*˳ت«sª«sVV, ®©s[ÌÁ ¹¸¶VVNRPä F¡xtsQNRP xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ©«sV xqsLRixmnsLS ¿Á[¸R¶VV @©«sVª«sLibPNRP»y ryª«sVLóRiQùª«sVV, ®©s[ÌÁ ¹¸¶VVNRPä ˳ݼ½NRPzqós¼½, ®©s[ÌÁ ª«s¸R¶VxqsV=, xqsWORPQQøÒÁª«s xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁV, ®ªsVVNRPä F¡xtsQNSÌÁ ÌÁ˳ÏÁù»R½, ®©s[ÌÁ ¬sLSøß᪫sVV, }qsLiúµj¶¸R¶V xmsµyLóRiª«sVV, ®©s[ÌÁ N][»R½, xmsLi²T¶Li¿RÁV xmsLiÈÁÌÁV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ®ªs[LýRi |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁNRPV @©«sVNRPWÌÁ ªy»yª«sLRiß᪫sVV ®ªsVVµR¶ÌÁgRiV©«s%s. ®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½©«sV NSFy²R¶VÈÁ ®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½©«sV NSFy²R¶VÈÁ ÛÍÁ[µy ¬sÖÁzms DLi¿RÁVÈÁ ª«sV©«s \lLi»R½VÌÁNRPV ¿yÍØ NRPxtísQ\®ªsV©«s %sxtsQ¸R¶Vª«sVV. IZNP[ xmsLiÈÁ©«sV (@®µ¶[ ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[) úxms¼½ xqsLiª«s»R½=LRiª«sVV ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁ µy*LS ®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½ »R½gæjiF¡ª«so©«sV. ®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½©«sV |msLi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV gS©«sV, ®©s[ÌÁ G xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ F¡xtsQNRPª«sVVÌÁ©«sV N][ÍÜ[öª«so¿RÁV©«sõµj¶ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV G xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ µy¬s F¡xtsQNRPª«sVÌÁ©«sV |msLi¿RÁª«s¿RÁVè ®ªsVVµR¶ÌÁgRiV %sxtsQ¸R¶Vª«sVVÌÁV ¾»½ÖÁzqs ¸R¶VVLi²R¶ª«sÛÍÁ©«sV. ®©s[ÌÁ ryLRiª«sLi»R½»R½©«sV |msLi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV C µj¶gRiVª«s xqsWÀÁLiÀÁ©«s @LiaRPª«sVVÌÁ©«sV xqsLji\¹¸¶V©«s %sµ³y©«sª«sVVÍÜ[ »R½xmsöNRPVLi²y FyÉÓÁLi¿RÁª«sÛÍÁ©«sV. 1) ®©s[ÌÁ©«sV xqsLji\¹¸¶V©«s Lki¼½ÍÜ[ %s¬s¹¸¶WgjiLi¿RÁVÈÁ. 2) ª«sVLiÀÁ µR¶VNTPä (®©s[ÌÁ©«sV ËØgS µR¶VNTPä ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ) 3) xmsLiÈÁ ª«sWLjiö²T¶ %sµ³y©«sª«sVV. 4) NRPÌÁVxmso ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ ¬sªyLRißá 5) ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ »R½gji©«s xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ ¾»½[ª«sV DLi®²¶[ %sµ³R¶ª«sVVgS ¿RÁW¿RÁVÈÁ 6) ®©s[ÌÁ N][»R½©«sV @LjiNRPÈíÁVÈÁ 7) xmsÀÁèL]ÈíÁ FsLRiVª«so xmsLiÈÁÌÁ©«sV rygRiV ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ 8) FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV µy*LS 9) ®©s[ÌÁ©«sV NRPzmsö ¸R¶VVLi¿Á[ xmsLiÈÁÌÁ©«sV rygRiV ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁ µy*LS 10) F~ÌÁLiÍÜ[ @µ³j¶NRP ¬dsÉÓÁ¬s »]ÌÁgjiLi¿RÁVÈÁ 11) LRiry¸R¶V©«s FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV µy*LS 12) ®©s[ÌÁ DµR¶ÇÁ¬s xqsWÀÁNRP úNRP%dsVNRPLjiLi¿RÁVÈÁ

Top

®©s[ÌÁ DµR¶ÇÁ¬s xqsWÀÁNRP ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ˳ÏÁW%sVÍÜ[ xqsV©«sõª«sVV©«sV ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁ @µ³j¶NRP ª«sL Aª«sýV ®©s[ÌÁÌÁÍÜ[ xqsV©«sõª«sVV ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁM ZNP[ª«sÌÁª«sVV NSÖ<Á¸R¶VLi ÛÍÁ[µy NSÖ<Á¸R¶VLi ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ®ªsVgkiõztsQ¸R¶VLi NRPÖÁgji ¸R¶VV©«sõ xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ©«sV ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁ µy*LS, ®©s[ÌÁ ¹¸¶VVNRPNRP Aª«sýV»R½*ª«sVV©«sV »R½gæjiLi¿Á[ %sµ³y©«sª«sVV©«sV " \ÛÍÁ%sVLig`i ' @¬s zmsÌÁVryòª«sVV. ryµ³yLRiß᪫sVVgS " \ÛÍÁª±sV ' @®©s[ xmsµR¶ª«sVV ¹¸¶VVNRPä @LóRiª«sV NSÖ<Á¸R¶VLi A\ZNPQQ=²`¶ NS¬s ª«sùª«sry¸R¶V xmsLjiúaRPª«sVÍÜ[ C xmsµR¶ª«sVV©«sV xqsLRi*ú»y %s¬s¹¸¶WgjiryòLRiV. Dµyx¤¦¦¦LRißáNRPV, NSÖ<Á¸R¶VLi NSL]÷®©s[ÉÞ©«sV, NSÖ<Á¸R¶VLi \|¤¦¦¦ú²y\ZNPQQ=²`¶©«sV, NSÖ<Á¸R¶VLic®ªsVgkiõztsQ¸R¶VLi NSL]÷®©s[ÉÞ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV NSÖ<Á¸R¶Vª±sV zqsÖÁZNP[ÉÞ rýyg`iÌÁ©«sV ®ªs[¸R¶VÉجsõ NRPW²y \ÛÍÁ%sVLigRiV @®©s[ }msLRiV»][ zmsÌÁVryòLRiV. xqsV©«sõxmso xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ©«sV ˳ÏÁW%sVÍÜ[ ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s ®©s[ÌÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ\|ms NRPÖÁlgi[ xmnsÖÁ»yÌÁV úNTPLiµj¶ %sµ³R¶ª«sVVgS ©«sVLi²R¶V©«sV. 1) ®©s[ÌÁ Aª«sýV»R½*ª«sVV©«sV »R½ÈÁ{qósNRPLjiLi¿RÁV©«sV. 2) xqsV©«sõª«sVV©«sV NSª«sÌÁzqs©«s xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ ˳ÏÁW%sVÍÜ[ ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁ µy*LS, ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ DLi®²¶[ xqs¥¦¦¦¸R¶VNSLji ËØùNíUPLji¸R¶V D¾»½[òÇÁxmsLRi¿RÁÊÁ²R¶V»R½VLiµj¶. 3) ˳Øxqs*LRiª«sVV©«sV @µ³j¶NRPª«sVVgS ÌÁ˳ÏÁùª«sV¹¸¶[Vù %sµ³R¶ª«sVVgS ¿Á[xqsVòLiµj¶. 4) xqsV©«sõLi ˳ÏÁW%sVÍÜ[ ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s F~ÉØztsQ¸R¶VLi ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ª«sWÖÁÕïÁ©«sª±sVÌÁ©«sV ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ ÌÁ˳ÏÁùª«sV¹¸¶[Vù %sµ³R¶LigS ¿Á[xqsVòLiµj¶. 5) Bµj¶ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ F¡xtsQßáÍÜ[ lLiLi²R¶V »R½xmsö¬sxqsLji F¡xtsQNSÌÁ©«sV xqsLRixmnsLS ¿Á[xqsVòLiµj¶. @%s NSÖ<Á¸R¶VLi ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ®ªsVgkiõztsQ¸R¶VLiÌÁV. 6) \ÛÍÁª±sV, @ÌÁWù%sV¬s¸R¶VLi, ª«sWLigRi¬ds£qs ª«sVLji¸R¶VV HLRi©±sÌÁ ¹¸¶VVNRPä ¥¦¦¦¬s ¼d½úª«s»R½©«sV »R½gæjixqsVòLiµj¶. 7) ®©s[ÌÁ ˳ݼ½NRP zqós¼½¬s ®ªsVLRiVgRiV xmsLRiVxqsVòLiµj¶.

Top

FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s NRPÖÁlgi[ ªy»yª«sLRißá NSÌÁVxtsQùª«sVV NUPÈÁNRP ©yaRP©«sVÌÁV, bPÖdÁLiúµ³R¶ ©yaRP©«sVÌÁ»][ F¡ÖÁè©«sxmsöV²R¶V FsLRiVª«soÌÁV xqsVLRiOTPQ»R½\®ªsV©«s%s. @LiVV¾»½[, ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ ®ªs[zqs©«s FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ®ªsVV»R½òª«sVV xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVV©«sV ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁV %s¬s¹¸¶WgjiLi¿RÁV N][ÛÍÁ[ª«so. ®ªs[zqs©«s FsLRiVª«soÌÁÍÜ[, µyµyxmso 50aS»R½ª«sVV ª«sLRiNRPV ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[®©s[ @ª«sZaP[xtsQª«sVVgS DLi²T¶F¡»yLiVV. LRiry¸R¶V¬sNRP FsLRiVª«soÌÁV, ª«sW©«sª«so¬sNTP ª«sVLji¸R¶VV B»R½LRi ÒÁª«sª«sVVÌÁNRPV úxms»R½ùQORPQ ¥¦¦¦¬s¬s NRPÖÁgjiLi¿RÁ ©«sxmsöÉÓÁNUP, ªy»yª«sLRißá xqsª«sV»fÌÁùª«sVV\|ms úxms˳ت«sª«sVV©«sV ¿RÁWxmso»yLiVV. ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ %sVgjiÖÁª«so©«sõ F¡xtsQNRPª«sVVÌÁV ª«sVVLRiVgRiV ¬dsÉÓÁ µy*LS F¡LiVV, ©«sµR¶VÌÁÍÜ[, xqsLRixqsV=ÌÁÍÜ[ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ¼d½LRiúFyLi»R½xmso ¬dsÉÓÁ ¸R¶VLiµR¶V @µ³j¶NRP xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ NRP©«sÊÁ²R¶V»yLiVV. F¡xtsQNSÌÁ xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVV |msLjigji©«sxmsöV²R¶V, ¬dsÉÓÁÍÜ[ \ZaPª«sÍØÌÁ xqsª«sVWx¤¦¦¦ÌÁV |msLjigji, B»R½LRi ¬dsÉÓÁ ®ªsVVNRPäÌÁ |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁNRPV, ªy¸R¶VV xqsLRixmnsLSNRPV AÈÁLiNRPª«sVV NRPÖÁgjiryòLiVV. µk¶¬s ª«sÌÁ©«s ¬dsÉÓÁÍÜ[ ¿Á[xmsÌÁ xqsLiÅÁù NRPW²R¶ »R½gæjiF¡ª«s¿RÁVè©«sV. LRiry¸R¶V¬sNRP F¡xtsQNSÌÁÍÜ[, ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s xqsLiÊÁLiµ³j¶»R½ FsLRiVª«soÌÁV FsNRPV䪫s ¥¦¦¦¬s¬s NRPÖÁgjiryòLiVV. ªy»yª«sLRißá NSÌÁVxtsQùª«sVV©«sNRPV NSLRiß᮪s[Vª«sV©«sgS, ®ªs[zqs©«s FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ®ªsVV»R½òª«sVV xmsLiÈÁ xqsúNRPª«sVLigS %s¬s¹¸¶WgjiLi¿RÁVN]©«sNRP F¡ª«soÈÁ¹¸¶[V. DxtñsQª«sVLi²R¶ÌÁ úFyLi»yÌÁ ¸R¶VLiµR¶V, ®ªs[zqs©«s FsLRiVª«soÌÁÍÜ[ FsNRPV䪫sÍÜ[ FsNRPV䪫s 50 ©«sVLi²T¶ 60 aS»R½ª«sVV ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ª«sLjiÍÜ[ @LiVV¾»½[ 40 aS»R½ª«sVV ª«sWú»R½®ªs[V %s¬s¹¸¶WgjiLi¿RÁVN][ÊÁ²R¶V©«sV. ®ªs[zqs©«s ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s, @®ªsVø¬s¸R¶W LRiWxmsLiÍÜ[ ªy»yª«sLRiß᪫sVVÍÜ[¬sNTP ©«sxtísQF¡»R½VLiµj¶. ¬dsÉÓÁÍÜ[, ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ˳Øxqs*LRixmso gS²³R¶»R½ÌÁV @µ³j¶NRPª«sVgRiVÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s ú»ygRiV¬dsÉÓÁÍÜ[ ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÌÁV ®©s[ÌÁÍÜ[ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ¬dsÉÓÁ ¸R¶VLiµR¶V ˳ØLRi ÍÜ[¥¦¦¦\ÛÍÁ©«s ÛÍÁ²`¶ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV NS²T¶ø¸R¶VLiÌÁ xqs%dsVNRPLRißá, @µ³j¶NRPª«sVLiVV, ¬dsÉÓÁ ª«s©«sLRiVÌÁÍÜ[ ¸R¶VWúÉÜ[zmnsZNP[xtsQ©±s ÇÁLjigji, ªy»yª«sLRißá NSÌÁVxtsQùª«sVV©«sNRPV ª«sVVÅÁù NSLRiß᪫sVVÌÁV @gRiV¿RÁV©«sõ%s. Çؼd½¸R¶V xqslLi[* úxmsNSLRiª«sVV, ¿yÍØ ª«sLRiNRPV ©«sµR¶VÌÁÍÜ[¬s, ¿ÁLRiVª«soÌÁÍÜ[¬s, NRPVLiÈÁÌÁÍÜ[¬s ¬dsÉÓÁÍÜ[, 20 aS»R½ª«sVV NRP©yõ FsNRPV䪫s Ëت«soÌÁÍÜ[¬s ¬dsÉÓÁÍÜ[, INRP ÖdÁÈÁLRiV ¬dsÉÓÁ xmsLjiª«sWßجsNTP 10 ©«sVLi²T¶ 50 %sVÖýÁ úgSª«sVVÌÁV ÛÍÁ[µy @Li»R½ NRP©«sõ FsNRPV䪫s ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s xqsLiÊÁLiµ³j¶»R½ xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁV NRPÌÁª«so. C NSÌÁVuyù¬sNTP NSLRiß᪫sVV, ª«sVVLRiVgRiV¬dsLRiV, ˳ÏÁWgRiLRi÷é ÇÁÍØÌÁ»][ NRPÖÁzqs F¡ª«soÈÁ¹¸¶[V. ú»ygRiV ¬dsÉÓÁÍÜ[ ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶ xmsµyLóSÌÁVLi²R¶VÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s, ¿yÍØ µR¶VxtsQöLjißت«sWÌÁV NRPÌÁVgRiV»yLiVV. ¬dsÉÓÁÍÜ[ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV A¥¦¦¦LRi xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶ xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁVLi²R¶ÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s, zmsÌýÁÌÁÍÜ[ ÊýÁWcÛËÁ[ÕÁ zqsLiú²][ª±sV, ÒÁLñRi xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶\®ªsV©«s ª«sVLji¸R¶VV B»R½LRi LRiNS\ÛÍÁ©«s NS©«s=L`i xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶ ªyùµ³R¶VÌÁV NRPÌÁVgRiV»yLiVV. @µ³j¶NRP xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV %s¬s¹¸¶WgjiLi¿RÁVÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s, ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s¬s, ªy»yª«sLRiß᪫sVVÍÜ[¬sNTP ªy¸R¶VV LRiWxmsª«sVVÍÜ[ ©«sxtísQF¡»yª«sVV. FsLRiVª«soÌÁ D»R½ö¼½ò xqsLixqósÌÁ ©«sVLi²T¶ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ®©s[ÌÁÌÁ ©«sVLi²T¶ ªy»yª«sLRiß᪫sVVÍÜ[¬s ©«sxtísQF¡¹¸¶[V, NSLRi÷©±s ²R¶¸R¶W\ZNPQQ=²`¶ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV @®ªsVø¬s¸R¶W ªy¸R¶VVª«soÌÁV, ª«sW©«sª«so¬s AL][gRiùª«sVV\|ms ¿Á²R¶V úxms˳ت«sª«sVV NRPÌÁVgRi ¿Á[ryòLiVV. xqsWLRiùLRibPøÍÜ[¬s, @¼½¬dsÌÁ ÍÜ[z¤¦¦¦»R½ NTPLRiß᪫sVVÌÁ ©«sVLi²T¶ LRiORPQßá NRPÖÁöLi¿Á[ JÇÜ[©±s F~LRi\|ms NRPW²R¶ ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶ A\ZNPQQ=²`¶ÌÁV úxms¼½NRPWÌÁ úxms˳ت«sª«sVV©«sV NRPÖæÁryòLiVV. ª«sVLji¸R¶VV B%s ˳ÏÁWg][ÎÏÁª«sVV ®ªs[®²¶ZNPäÉجsNTP NRPW²R¶ NSLRiß᪫sVgRiV»R½V©yõLiVV. ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶ A\ZNPQQ=²`¶ÌÁV, aS*xqsN][aRP xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶ ªyùµ³R¶V\ÛÍÁ©«s DÊÁ÷xqsª«sVV, EzmsLji ¼½¼½ò NS©«s=L`i ª«sVLji¸R¶VV EzmsLji ¼½»R½VòÌÁÍÜ[ ®©sª«sVVø ª«sLiÉÓÁ ªyÉÓÁ¬s NRPÖæÁryòLiVV. AlLi=¬sN`P, @®ªsVø¬s¸R¶WÌÁV, ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶ FsLRiVª«soÌÁ NRPLSøgSLRiª«sVV ©«sVLi²T¶ D»R½ö¼½ò NSÊÁ²T¶©«s ª«sùLóRi xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁV @LiVV¾»½[ Fný¡\lLi²`¶, NS²T¶ø¸R¶Vª±sV, úN][%sV¸R¶Vª±sV, NSxmsL`i, ÛÍÁ²`¶ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ª«sWLigRi¬ds£qsÌÁV, ˳Øxqs*LRi xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶ FsLRiVª«soÌÁ NRPLSøgSLRiª«sVV ©«sVLi²T¶ ª«s¿Á[è ª«sùLóRi xmsµyLóRiª«sVÌÁV. C ª«sùLóRi xmsµyLóRiª«sVVÌÁ©«sV xqsLji\¹¸¶V©«s %sµ³y©«sª«sVVÍÜ[ ¸R¶WÇÁª«sW©«sù xmsLRi¿RÁ©«sÈíÁLiVV¾»½[, @%s ªy»yª«sLRißá ª«sVLji¸R¶VV ¬dsÉÓÁ NSÌÁVuyù¬sNTP NSLRiß᪫sVLiVV, ª«sW©«sª«so¬sNTP ª«sVLji¸R¶VV B»R½LRi ÇÁLi»R½Vª«soÌÁNRPV ¥¦¦¦¬s¬s NRPÖÁgjiryòLiVV. FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV @µ³j¶NRP ®ªsW»yµR¶VÍÜ[ %s¬s¹¸¶WgjiLi¿RÁVÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s ª«sVVÅÁùª«sVVgS ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s xqsLiÊÁLiµ³R¶ FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV @µ³j¶NRPª«sVVgS ªy²T¶©«sÈíÁLiVV¾»½[, NS¸R¶V gRiWLRiÌÁ ª«sVLji¸R¶VV xmnsÌÁª«sVVÌÁ ¹¸¶VVNRPä ¬sÌÁVª«s gRiVß᪫sVV »R½gæjiF¡»R½VLiµj¶.

Top

FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s NRPÖÁlgi[ @LójiNRP ÍØ˳ÏÁª«sVVÌÁVM xmsLiÈÁ µj¶gRiVÊÁ²T¶¬s @µ³j¶NRPª«sVV ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁNRPV, \lLi»R½VÌÁV FsLRiVª«soÌÁV ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁ @®©s[µj¶ µy¬s ¹¸¶VVNRPä ALójiNRP xmnsÖÁ»R½ª«sVV \|ms Aµ³yLRixms²T¶ DLiÈÁVLiµj¶. Bµj¶ ryµ³yLRiß᪫sVVgS, INRP ¸R¶VW¬sÉÞ %s{qsòLñRiª«sVVÍÜ[, INRP ¸R¶VW¬sÉÞ xmsLjiª«sWß᪫sVVÍÜ[ FsLRiVª«so©«sV ®ªs[zqs©«sxmso²R¶V NRPÖÁlgi[ xmnsÖÁ»R½ª«sVV Aµ³yLRiª«sVVgS DLiÈÁVLiµj¶. FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV ª«sÌÁ©«s NRPÖÁlgi[ ÍØ˳ÏÁª«sVV©«sV \lLi»R½VÌÁNRPV %sª«sLjiLi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV |msÈíÁVÊÁ²T¶, ÍØ˳ÏÁª«sVVÌÁ ¬sxtsQö¼½ò¬s NRPW²R¶ ª«sV©«sª«sVV xmsLjigRißá©«sÍÜ[NTP ¼d½xqsVN][ª«sÛÍÁ©«sV. c ˳ØLRi»R½®µ¶[aRPª«sVVÍÜ[, ªyßÓáÇÁùxmsLRiLigS D»R½ö¼½ò ¿Á[}qs FsLRiVª«soÌÁ µ³R¶LRiÌÁV ª«sWlLiäÉÞÍÜ[ @µ³j¶NRPLigS ¸R¶VVLi²R¶VÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s, FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV xqsª«sVLóRiª«sLi»R½ª«sVVgS FsÍØ Dxms¹¸¶WgjiLi¿yÖÁ @®©s[ úxmsaRPõ ¿yÍØ úFyª«sVVÅÁù»R½©«sV xqsLi»R½LjiLi¿RÁVNRPV©«sõµj¶. ˳ØLRi¼d½¸R¶V FsLRiVª«soÌÁ »R½¸R¶WLki xqsLixqósÌÁ xqsLixmnsVLi (xmnsLíjiQ\ÛÍÁÇÁL`i @r¡zqs¹¸¶[VxtsQ©±s A£mns BLi²T¶¸R¶W), ©«sWù²³T¶ÖdýÁ ªyLRiV, C %sxtsQ¸R¶Vª«sVV©«sV ¿RÁLjièLi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV 1975 xqsLiª«s»R½=LRi NSÌÁª«sVVÍÜ[ @®©s[NRP xqsª«sW®ªs[aRPª«sVVÌÁ©«sV ¬sLRi*z¤¦¦¦Li¿yLRiV. A xqsª«sW®ªs[aRPª«sVVÌÁ xqsW¿RÁ©«sÌÁV úNTPLiµj¶ %sµ³R¶ª«sVVgS ©«sV©«sõ%s. 1) FsLRiVª«soÌÁ xqsª«sVLóRi %s¬s¹¸¶WgRiª«sVV©«sV @µ³R¶ù¸R¶V©«sª«sVV ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁÍÜ[ GNSÕ³ÁúFy¸R¶Vª«sVV©«sV NRPÖÁgji¸R¶VVLi²R¶VÈÁ »R½xmsö¬sxqsLji. 2) ®©s[ÌÁ xmsLkiORPQÌÁ©«sV Aµ³yLRiª«sVVgS ¿Á[zqsN]¬s, FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV©«sV xqsWÀÁLi¿RÁª«sÛÍÁ©«sV.   3) ª«sVLiÀÁ ALójiNRP ÍØ˳ÏÁª«sVVÌÁ©«sV F~LiµR¶VÈÁNRPV gS©«sV. FsLRiVª«soÌÁ xqsª«sV»fÌÁùxmso ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV ©«sV ¿Á[xmsÈíÁª«sÛÍÁ©«sV. 4) ©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV %s%sµ³R¶ xqsª«sV¸R¶WÌÁÍÜ[ ˳ØgRiª«sVVÌÁVgS ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁ ª«sÌÁ©«s, ALójiNRP ÍØ˳ÏÁª«sVVLi²R¶V©«sV. 5) @ª«sxqsLRiª«sVLiVV©«sxmso²R¶V, xqsWORPQQø F¡xtsQNRP ª«sVWÌÁNSÌÁ ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV©«sV ¬sªyLjiLi¿RÁVN][ªyÖÁ. 6) IZNP[ xmsLiÈÁ©«sV µR¶XztísQÍÜ[ |msÈíÁVN]¬s NSNRPVLi²y, ®ªsVV»R½òª«sVV xmsLiÈÁÌÁ ª«sLRiVxqs úNRPª«sVª«sVV©«sV µR¶XztísQÍÜ[ ¸R¶VVLi¿RÁVN]¬s, FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPxmso zqsFnyLRixqsV©«sV LRiWF~Liµj¶Li¿yÖÁ. 7) ®ªs[zqs©«s FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«fssVLi²T¶ @µ³j¶NRP ÍØ˳ÏÁª«sVV F~LiµR¶VÈÁNRPV gS©«sV, xmsLiÈÁ ¹¸¶VVNRPä @»R½ùª«sxqsLRi (|msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ) µR¶aRPÌÁÍÜ[ ¬dsLRiV |msÈíÁVN][ªyÖÁ.

Top

@©«sVxqsLjiLi¿RÁ µR¶gæRi zqsFnyLRixqsVÌÁV zmsÌÁNRPÌÁV ËØgS ®ªs[¸R¶VVÈÁNRPV c "˳Øxqs*LRixmso' FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ªy²R¶ª«sÛÍÁ©«sV. ®ªsVVNRPä ¹¸¶VVNRPä ª«sVLiÀÁ |msLRiVgRiVµR¶ÌÁ c "©«sú»R½ÇÁ¬s' FsLRiVª«soÌÁ ªy²R¶NRPª«sVV. ©yßáù»R½ gRiÌÁ xmsLiÈÁ D»R½ö¼½òNTP c "F~ÉØ£tsQ' FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ªy²R¶ª«sÛÍÁ©«sV. ª«sLji xmsLiÈÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V \ÛÆÁLS ªyùµ³j¶¬s ¬sªyLjiLi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV c "ÑÁLiN`P' FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ªy²R¶ª«sÛÍÁ©«sV. ®ªs[LRiVaRP©«sgRi¸R¶VLiµR¶V xmsxqsVxmso LRiLigRiV xmsú»R½ª«sVVÌÁ©«sV ¬sªyLjiLi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV c "HLRi©±s' FsLRiVª«so©«sV ªy²R¶ª«sÛÍÁ©«sV. F~gSNRPV xmsLiÈÁ¸R¶VLiµR¶V ÉØ£mszqsN`P®©s£qs ÍÜ[xmsª«sVV©«sV xqsLji ¿Á[¸R¶VVÈÁNRPV c "ËÜ[LS©±s' FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ªy²R¶ª«sÛÍÁ©«sV. ¬sª«sVøÍÜ[ FsNS=Liµ³j¶ª«sW ª«sVLji¸R¶VV FsLi²R¶V ¾»½gRiVÌÁV ¬sªyLRißáNRPV c "NSxmsL`i' FsLRiVª«soÌÁ©«sV ªy²R¶ª«sÛÍÁ©«sV.

Top