Turmeric

Nematode Management

Root Knot Nematode Burrowing Nematode Nematode Management

Root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

The earliest record of nematode infestation on turmeric was that of root gall nematode by Ayyar (1926) in South India.

Symptoms

Affected plants show stunted growth, yellowing, marginal and tip drying of leaves, reduced tillering and galling and rotting on roots.
High densities of M. incognita cause yellowing and severe stunting and withering in large patches.
Plants die prematurely leaving a poor crop stand at harvest.
Infested rhizomes tend to lose their bright yellow colour.

Crop loss

An initial inoculum level of 1,00,000 nematodes/plant caused 76.6 per cent reduction in rhizome weight under pot conditions.
Avoidable yield loss under field conditions was 45.3 per cent.

Management

Use of resistant turmeric varieties like Kodur, Cheyapasupu, Armoor, Duggirala, Guntur 1, Guntur 9, Rajampet, Sugandham and Appalapadu.
Soil application of Aldicarb 10 G (10 kg/ha) two times at 3rd and 5th months after planting followed by irrigation.
Aldicarb 10 G (10 kg/ha) and Carbofuran 3 G (33.3 kg/ha) effectively controlled the root knot nematodes and increased the yield by 71 and 68 per cent respectively.

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Burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis

Symptoms

The infested plants show a tendency to ageing and dry faster than healthy plants
Infested rhizomes are of yolk yellow colour compared with the golden yellow colour of healthy rhizomes and have shallow water soaked brownish areas on the surface.
Roots show rotting and most of the decayed roots are devoid of cortex and stelar portion
The scale leaves of rhizomes harbour R. similis.

Crop loss

An initial inoculum level of 10 nematodes/plant can cause a reduction of 35 per cent of rhizome weight after four months and 46 per cent at the end of the season.
With 1,00,000 nematodes, the extent of reduction in rhizome weight is 65 and 76 per cent after 4 and 8 months respectively.

Management

Application of Aldicarb 10 G (10 kg/ha) or Carbufuran 3 G (33.3 kg/ha) controls the nematode infestation.
Lesion nematode, Pratylenchus coffeae

Symptoms

It causes discolouration and rotting of rhizomes of C. aromatica.
In advanced stages of infection, the rhizomes become deep red to dark brown in colour, less turgid, and wrinkled with dry rot symptoms.
The fingers are more severely affected than the mother rhizomes, internally the affected rhizomes show dark brown necrotic lesions.

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Nematode Management

Among the many species of plant parasitic nematodes reported on turmeric, Meloidogyne spp., Radopholus similis and Pratylenchus coffeae are of economic importance.
Survey of turmeric fields in Coimbatore and Erode districts revealed the presence of following plant parasic nematodes associated with the crop.

Medoidogyne incognita

Longidorus elongatus

Xiphinema elongatum

Hoplolaimus seinharstii

Helicotylenchus multicinctus

Tylenchorhynchus martini

Pratylenchus delaltrei

Radopholus similis

Rotylenchulus renifornis

Under Vellore conditions, CO 1 turmeric grown after banana or solanaceous vegetables was affected severely by nematodes. So, planting turmeric after banana or solanaceous vegetables should be avoided.

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Tamilnadu

Turmeric

About Turmeric

History

Morphology

Turmeric Management

Services Overview

The key services offered by Ikisan are:

System study, design and development of IT enabled solutions and services for the agri sector.

Execution of rural IT enabled projects on BOT/BOOT/Turnkey basis.

Development, Customization and Deployment of Ikisan's IPR protected software applications.

Providing support services and best management practices for augmenting the marketing development efforts of the groups agricultural input companies (NFCL and NACL).

Development and Dissemination of best practice and information though a unique multi lingual knowledge website for the agri sector.

Some of the key customers/partners that benefit significantly from our work include are Electronics Corporation of India Ltd, State Agricultural Marketing Boards, Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Tamilnadu, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Motorola Mobility (GOOGLE) etc.

As highlighted earlier Ikisan provides significant support to the market development and marketing efforts of NFCL and NACL by providing best practices and information across the agricultural input value chain - weather, soil, seeds, fertilizers, water, pesticides, output prices etc. that have enabled the companies to develop deep customer relationships and in turn enable them to grow above market growth rates. Recently example in fertilizers includes the development of Customized Fertilizer Grades (for NFCL across India that are crop and location specific have not only reduced the current consumption of fertilizers of farmers but have significantly enhanced crop yields and farmer incomes) that are expected to add significant revenues to the company.

Currently, agriculture value chain is driven by technical expertise. However, there is a lack of adequate Management knowledge and skills amongst the professionals. Therefore, Ikisan and XLRI, Jamshedpur have jointly developed an Agri Business Management Program for Agri-professionals and students. Ikisan provides the domain expertise while XLRI provides pedagogy. This program is a combination of virtual learning and campus based module at XLRI, Jamshedpur. This program has been highly appreciated.

Intellectual Property Rights for many software applications such as Field Manager, Vyapar, Mandi, Quick Solutions Systems, Management Time Table, Agri Information System and Agrecommerz belong to Ikisan. A significant recent development in this area is the introduction of Weather Based Crop Insurance. This entails setting up of Automatic Weather Stations, which provide dynamic village-level data essential for settlement of weather based insurance claims.