Papaya

Varieties

Varieties Improved Varieties Pantnagar Varieties Pusa Varieties

Varieties

Tamil Nadu Agricultural University has released so far seven varieties which are discussed below:
CO-1 This variety has been bred by the continuous sibmating and selection in the type 'Ranchi' over a period of eight years. The plant is dwarf in habit producing the first fruit within 60-70 cm from the ground level. Fruit size maximum, spherical, smooth skin, nipple slightly raised at the apex, flesh orange yellow, soft, firm and quite juicy with good keeping quality. The fruits are practically free from objectionable papain odour.

TNAU released varieties

Variety	Parentage	Duration (Economic life)	Remarks	Year of release
CO 1	Selection from Ranchi	3 years	Dioecious, dessert cum papain purpose, flesh yellow colour	1972
CO 2	Selection from local	3 years	Dioecious, dessert as well as papain. Flesh yellow colour	1979
CO 3	Hybrid derivative between CO 2 x Sun Rise Solo	3 years	Gynodioecious variety, red fleshed fruit only for dessert purpose	1983
CO 4	Hybrid derivative between CO 1 x Washington	3 years	Dioecious, purple coloured petiole and stem, dessert use, flesh yellow colour	1983
CO 5	Selection from Washington	3 years	Dioecious, high latex, yellow fleshed fruit	1985
CO 6	Selection from Giant	3 years	Dioecious, large size fruits, table + papain purpose, flesh yellow colour	1986
CO 7	Hybrid obtained from 3 parents viz., Pusa Delicious, CO 3 and Coorg Honey Dew	3 years	Gynodioecious, excellent fruit for dessert purpose. Fruit flesh attractive pink colour	1997

CO-1

This variety has been bred by the continuous sibmating and selection in the type 'Ranchi' over a period of eight years.
The plant is dwarf in habit producing the first fruit within 60-70 cm from the ground level.
Fruit size maximum, spherical, smooth skin, nipple slightly raised at the apex, flesh orange yellow, soft, firm and quite juicy with good keeping quality.
The fruits are practically free from objectionable papain odour.

CO-2

This variety has been bred at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India for its high papain content.
Plants are dioecious, vigorous and of medium height.
Fruits medium to large (1 to 1.5 kg), producing 4 to 6 grams of papain per fruit. (averaging 250 to 300 kg of dried papain per hectare), oblong, light green when ripe, shallow furrows numbering 5, skin smooth and glossy.
Flesh orange, soft to firm, moderately juicy and has good keeping quality.
It is one of the best varieties for papain extraction.

CO-3

This variety is a hybrid derivative between CO2 x Sun Rise Solo.
It is a gynodioecious variety.
The fruits are smaller but larger than Solo weighing 450-600 g.
Fruits are pyriform in shape with attractive pink colour flesh.
The tree yields 90-120 fruits.
Fruits are suitable only for table purpose and not for papain extraction.

CO-4

This variety is a dioecious one developed as a hybrid derivative between CO1 and Washington.
Fruits are medium in size with round shape similar to CO1.
The plant characters are similar to Washington with purple coloured petiole and stem.
Fruit weight ranges from 1.3-1.5 kg.
The tree produces 80-90 fruits.
Flesh is yellow in colour.
It is suitable only for table purpose and not for papain extraction.

CO-5

This variety is a dioecious and it is a selection from Washington.
This variety is grown for its high latex production.
It produces 50-60g of wet latex/fruit.
This variety yields 75-80 fruits per tree.
The flesh is yellow in colour.
Though the latex yield is higher than CO2, enzyme activity in the latex is lower than CO2.

CO-6

This variety is a dioecious variety and is a selection from Giant.
The fruits are larger in size weighing 1.5-2.0 kg.
Fruits are round to oval in shape with yellow flesh.
Tree yields 80-100 fruits.
It is suitable both for table purpose and latex extraction.

CO-7

It is a gynodioecious variety.
It is obtained from a multiple crosses involving, Pusa Delicious, CO3 and Coorg Honey Dew as parents.
This variety is similar to CO3 but the fruit size is bigger than CO3.
It yields 65-70 fruits per tree.
Each fruit is weighing about 1.0 kg.
This variety is exclusively suitable for table purpose and not for papain extraction.

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Improved Varieties

The other improved varieties which are popular in India are also discussed below:

Washington

Tree fairly vigorous, tall stem with purple rings, dark purple petiole growing darker towards the lamina, yellow deep flowers, medium to large size fruits (1-1.5 kg each) of ovate to oblong shape having distinct purple colour ring at its top connected with the fruit stalk.
Pulp yellowish red, very sweet, agreeable flavour of fine consistency, seeds few and has better keeping quality.
The flesh is free from the disagreeable papain, making it a most popular variety.

Coorg Honey Dew

A gynodioecious type, producing both Andromonoecious (male and bisexual flowers in single tree) and pistillate plants.
It is a selection from Honey Dew bred by ear-to-row method of selection of Chetalli Research Station of the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, Karnataka.
Since every plant is a fruit bearing one planting of more than one seedling per pit is not required.
Trees are of medium height, bears fruit heavily low on the trunk in the first year.
Fruits medium to large (1.25 to 2.5 kg) long to oblong, smooth skinned, nippled slightly and ridged prominently at the apex.
Flesh orange, soft, moderately juicy and has good taste.
Fruit with big central cavity of moderate keeping quality.

SunRise Solo

The sunrise solo is an improved, high quality selection with reddish-orange flesh.
It is an improved strain resulting from a cross between line-8-Solo and or Pink Solo with the yellow-fleshed "Kariya" Solo strain of Oahu.
The fruits are weighing 425 to 620 grams each.

Waimanalo

This is a high quality variety of Hawaii with orange-yellow flesh, resulting from crosses between the Betty variety of Florida and the line 5 and line 8 solo strains.
The fruits are round with a short neck.
The fruit weight ranges from 450 to 1090 grams, they are smooth and shiny and have a star-shaped cavity.
Flesh is thick, firm of good flavour.

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Pant Papayas

A systematic papaya breeding programme started in 1972 at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, in India has led to the evolution of following superior varieties.

Pant Papaya 1

It is a vigorous dwarf selection bearing first flower at a height of 45-60 cm with a total height of 125-135 cm in the first year.

Pant Papaya 2

Plants are vigorous of medium height (150-220 cm) in the first year bearing, first flower at a height of 90-100 cm from the ground.
It produces medium to large size fruits (1-2 kg each) of good quality with high yield potential of 30-35 fruits per plant.
It is tolerant to frost as well as waterlogging.

Pant Papaya 3

The plants are of medium height (225-250 cm) in the first year, bearing first flower at a height of 115-130 cm from the ground on strong stem.
Fruits small to medium size (0.5-0.9 kg each) of excellent quality.
It has large number of fruits per plant (45-60) although of small size, plants are tolerant to frost and waterlogging.
Due to small size fruits, it can be grown for distant and other export markets.

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Pusa Papayas

A papaya breeding programme of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute at Regional Station, Pusa, Bihar initiated in 1966 had led to the identification of 4 strains. They are as follows.

Pusa Giant

This is a dioecious line and is most vigorous and produces large sized fruits (12-13 kg each).
It starts fruiting at a height of 92 cm within 259 days of planting.
The total height of plant is as high as 220 cm.
It is tolerant to strong winds.
Fruit oblong with 18 x 10 cm seed cavity and 15 cm thick flesh of orange colour having TSS between 7 and 8.5^oBrix.

Pusa Majesty

This is a gynodioecious line of medium stature and disease resistant.
Fruiting starts at a height of 48 cm within 246 days of planting with the total height of plant as 196 cm.
Fruit size medium to big (1.5-2.5 kg) oblong shape, firm shape of 3.5 cm thickness and TSS of 9^o Brix.
Fruit has good keeping quality.

Pusa Nanha (Mutant Dwarf)

It is dioecious line, dwarf and precocious.
Fruiting starts at a height of 40 cm within 239 days of planting with the total height of the plant as 130 cm.
Fruit medium to small, oval and flesh 3.5 cm thick of blood red to orange colour with TSS ranging between 6.5 to 8.0^o Brix.

Pusa Delicious

This is a gynodioecious line with 100% productive plants.
Starts fruiting at a height of about 80 cm with 249 days of planting within the maximum height of 216 cm.
Fruit size medium to large (1-2 kg) round to oblong in shape. Flesh thickness 4cm and TSS ranging 10-13^o Brix.
Fruits are excellent in taste with good flavour and deep orange flesh.

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Tamilnadu

Papaya

About Papaya

History
Morphology

Papaya Management

Services Overview

The key services offered by Ikisan are:

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Execution of rural IT enabled projects on BOT/BOOT/Turnkey basis.

Development, Customization and Deployment of Ikisan's IPR protected software applications.

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Development and Dissemination of best practice and information though a unique multi lingual knowledge website for the agri sector.

Some of the key customers/partners that benefit significantly from our work include are Electronics Corporation of India Ltd, State Agricultural Marketing Boards, Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Tamilnadu, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Motorola Mobility (GOOGLE) etc.

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