Sugarcane

Varieties

Sugarcane Varieties: Choice of variety

  • Important considerations in choosing an appropriate variety are:

  1. a. Cane yield,
  2. b. Juice quality,
  3. c. Age group,
  4. d. Suitability to the growing condition i.e. soil type, irrigation level, season, etc.
  5. e. Ratooning potential
  6. f. Resistance to pests and diseases and adverse growing conditions.

  • There are three main groups of varieties viz., early maturing, mid-late maturing and late maturing.

Early maturing varieties

  • Early maturing varieties attain 16 percent sucrose and 85 percent purity at 10 months under normal planting. They are ready for harvest at 10 to 11 months. Most of the early varieties are rich in sucrose. Because of their relatively shorter vegetative growth phase, they are generally low yielders.

Mid late maturing varieties

  • Mid late maturing varieties or ‘mid-late’ varieties attain 18 percent sucrose and 85 percent purity at 12 months. The mid-late varieties are generally planted during the middle of the planting season and harvested likewise. These are generally high yielding types with moderate levels of sugar.

Late maturing varieties

  • Late maturing varieties or ‘late’ varieties attain 16 percent sucrose and 85 percent purity at the age of 14 months. Most of the late varieties are high yielding but generally have lower sucrose levels than the early and mid-late varieties. Most of the jaggery farmers prefer such varieties.

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Particulars of Important Sugarcane Varieties

Variety
Duration (Months)
Cane Yield (t/ha)
CCS %
CCS (t/ha)
CoC 671 10 123.5 14.20 17.50
CoC 771 10 140.0 13.10 18.30
CoC 772 10 143.3 14.00 20.00
CoC 773 10 97.5 13.20 12.60
CoC 800 ( C 66191) 10-11 102.9 13.20 13.50
CoC 774 11 159.8 11.90 17.90
CoC 775 11 122.5 13.40 16.40
CoC 776 11 112.3 14.00 15.50
CoC 777 12 171.3 11.80 20.00
CoC 778 12 165.5 11.00 18.10
CoC 779 12 204.6 11.80 24.00
CoC 419 12 112.5 10.50 11.80
Co 6304 12 115.0 13.50 15.50
CoC 8001 10-11 102.5 13.20 13.50
CoC 85061 10-11 128.5 12.90 16.60
CoC 86062 10-11 133.5 12.60 16.80
CoC 86071 10-11 131.7 12.20 16.00
CoC 90063 10-11 124.0 12.30 15.40
CoC 8021 10-11 137.7 11.00 14.60
CoC 91061 10-11 131.0 11.30 15.60
CoC 92061 8-11 132.7 12.76 16.05
Co 8362 11-12 124.3 12.40 15.40
CoG 93076 11-12 132.0 13.20 17.40
Co 8208 11-13 141.5 11.07 15.28
CoG 94077 11 133.2 13.05 17.60
CoG 95076 10-11 108.2 11.50 12.40
Co 85019 12 134.5 12.50 16.80
CoSi 95071 10 152.0 12.90 21.00
CoSi 96071 10 145.0 11.90 17.30
Co 8610 10-12 146.1 10.78 15.64
CoC 98061 10-11 120.0 11.60 13.80
CoSi 98071 12 144.7 12.30 17.70
Co 86249 10-12 128.7 11.30 14.30
COC (SC) 22 11-12 135.90 12.12 -
COC (SC) 5 11-12 165 13.0 15.6
COSi (SC) 6 12 188 12.3 18.1

Details on some Sugarcane Varieties

1. COC (SC) 22

Special Features

  • Medium thick reddish pink cane and pithiness absent.
  • Good ratooner as compared to CO 86032
  • Good for jaggery making; CCS ; 12.12%
  • Early vigorous, profuse tillering and more number of millable cane.
  • Moderately resistant to red rot.
  • Suited for problem soils and drought conditions.
  • High fibre content (13.24%) ideal for powder generation in factories.

Parentage : Derivative of open pollinated cane CO 8208 GC

Duration (days) : 330 - 360

Season : Mid late (February - May)

Yield : Cane 135.90t/ha

CCS : 12-12%

2. COG (SC) 5

Special Features

  • Yellowish green medium thick cane, more number of millable cane.
  • Erect, non flowering and non lodging.
  • Moderately resistant to red rot and smut.
  • Good ratooning ability and suitable for drought condition.
  • CCS% : 13.0; good for jaggery making.
  • Suitable for problem soils including tannery effiuent affected soils.

Parentage : COC 671 / COT 8201

Duration (days) : 330 - 360

Season : Mid-late (February - May)

Yield

-
Normal soil
Problem soil
Cane Sugar
Cane
Sugar
t/ha (plant crop)
120.9
15.6
103.9
13.5
% increase
COG 93076
23.7
27.9
57.0
68.8
COG 95076
33.4
38.1
26.9
33.7
CO 86032
14.9
15.6
-
-

Highest yield obtained : 165 t/ha in problem soil

Area of adoption : Suited for normal and tannery effiuent affected soils of Tamil Nadu.

3. CO Si (SC) 6

Special Features

  • Very thick and erect canes, non flowering and easily detrashable.
  • CCS % : 12.3
  • Very good ratooner and suitable for early drought and late water logging.
  • Suitable for sodic soil conditions.
  • Moderately resistant to red rot.
  • Moderately susceptible to early shoot borer and inter node borer.

Parentage : CO 8213 / CO A 7602

Duration (days) : 360

Season : Early (December - January)

Yield
Cane
Sugar
t/ha (plant crop) 148.0 18.1
% increase over    
CO Si 95071 10.9 14.5
CO 86032 14.0 13.8
CO 86249 12.5 26.5

Highest yield obtained : 188 t/ha

Area of adoption : Delta zone of Tamilnadu (Trichy and Tanjore), Salem, Erode and Southern districts.


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Tamilnadu

Sugarcane

Sugarcane Management