Groundnut

Crisis Management

• In general agticulture use of growth regulant is not a common practice.
• In special circumstances by using these chemical production and quality of the product can be increased.
• Now a days in main groundnut producing areas use of growth regulants in modern techniques is becoming popular. Mainly because of two reasons.
• Firstly - There is no dormancy in bunch type varieties of groundnut - because of which immediately after getting physically matured in presense of moisture they starts germinating.
• Therefore production and quality of product decreases.
• Secondly groundnut is a undeterminate plant in which vegetative and reproductive growth is a continuous process. Therefore with the progress of the crops life span maturity tune of the pods differ.
• The pods which comes out in latter stages remains small and under developed.
• Both above mentioned conditions are not suited or required economically.
• By treating groundnut with 20ppm melichidrazaid at the time of crop maturity temporary dormancy for 25-30 days can be induced.
• It helps in uprooting groundnut with irrigation at matured stage.
• Excessive vegetative growth in groundnut reduces flower and pod setting.
• Which results in less number of pods per plant, lower test weight of grains, less number of grains in a pod, ultimately heavy loss in yield.
• Therefore at maximum flowering stage (in 100-105 days duration crop at 50 to 55days after sowing and in 135 to 140 days duration crop at 75 to 80 days after sowing) spray of 20ppm planofix or vardhak increases flowering and decreases excessive growth which results in higher yield.

• Using the improved variety recommended for the tract.
• Using good and bold seeds for sowing.
• Treating the seeds with fungicides , Captan or Thiram at the rate of 4g/kg of seed
• Inoculating seed with the culture of Rhizobium in the soils where groundnut is a new introduction.
• Sowing at the optimum time, using the optimum seed-rate and optimum spacings.
• Using adequate quantities of balanced fertilizers, depending up on the tract, variety,Season. etc
• Applying 500 kg of well ground Gypsum per hectare at the pegging stage.
• Controlling weeds in time with inter cultivation coupled with hand-weeding or by applying pre-emergence weedicides, like Alachlor at the rate of 4 liters a.i /ha.
• Applying micro-nutrients wherever their deficiency is noticed
• Adopting timely plant-protection measures for controlling pests and diseases.
• It is more important to select a levelled field as far as possible and good drainage should be provided for the oil seed crops, especially for the kharif crop. Water logging conditions are harmful for these crops.
• A fine seed bed free from weeds and clods should be prepared to facilitate good germination and stand.
• Harvesting should be done at right time to avoid capsule shattering and reduction in oil content of seed.
• The seed should be cleaned and dried well before storage.

• Timely sowing
• Seed treatment
• Correct no of plants per unit area.
• Don't mix the fertilizer with seed while sowing.
• Don't saw seeds by broadcasting method.
• Keep in mind direction of sowing.
• Use balanced fertilizer at right time of the soil testing.
• Keep the field free from weeds.
• Use right time right insectside/fungicide/for crop protection.
• Timely irrigation.
• Timely harvesting.