Tobacco

Integrated Pest Management

Cultural Biological Mechanical Physical Chemical

Cultural Practices

Summer Ploughing

Deep ploughing in Summer Can Control Spodoptera egg masses root knot nematode, fungus and weeds by exposing to the scorching sun of summer. It also controls orabanche.

Field Sanitation

After harvesting of leaves, the stubbles has to be collected and destroyed. Ploughing after harvest can control pests and diseases.

Crop Rotation

Mono Cropping of Tobacco leads to increase in the incidence of pests and diseases especially orabanche and Root knot nematodes.
Crop rotation with Ground nut, Cotton, Sesamum, Chillies can control the incidence of Root knot to larger extent and also controls orabanche.
Growing blackgram, Green gram and Gingelly in Kharif preceding tobacco is beneficial in black soils.

Trap Cropping

Raising castor in one row, Surrounding the nursery and main field and daily collection and destruction of egg masses and larvae from the trap crop will control the pests.

Growing of Resistant Varieties

Growing of Blackshank resistant varieties likes MC nair - 12, Cm-12 and T.M.V resistant varieties like CTRL spefcial (MR); Jayasree (MR) V.T.1158, Hema (M.R) and 16/103 (M.R) give high yields.

Planting Time

Timely planting of tobacco can protect the crop form pests and diseases.

Planting Distance

Optimum distance between Plants should be maintained. Close planting of Seedlings leads to incidence of Pests & Diseases.
Planting at optimum distance can control pests and diseases by providing favourable sunlight, air and natural enemies.

Fertilizer Management

Apply only recommended doses of important inorganic fertilizers like N, P and K.
High Nitrogen in plants leads to yellowing of leaves there by increases the incidence of pests and diseases, hence recommended dosage of Nitrogen has to be applied.

Water Management

Timely irrigation in nursery can control damping off disease.

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Biological Methods

Natural Enemies

Releasing of Telenomus remus, an egg Parasite @1.2 Lakhs / ha in three phases of 40,000 / ha at 15-20 days interval, starting from one week after transplanting of seedlings can control the egg stage of Tobacco Caterpillar.
Releasing of Apanteles affricanus an early larval Parasite @10,000 /ha in in three phases of 3,500/ha at 15-20 days interval can control larvae of tobacco caterpillar.

Bio Pesticides

Two to Three Sprays of NPV @ 250 LE/ha in 1125 litre of water, at 15-20 days interval can control all larval stages of tobacco caterpillar.
Spraying of Biopesticide like Bacillus thurengenesis (B.T) can control the tobacco Caterpiller.

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Mechanical Methods

Light Traps

By arranging the light traps in field can identify the type and severity of the incidence of pests and appropriate plant protection measures can be adopted.

Pheramone Traps

Installing 5 Pheramone traps (loaded with 2.5mg liture pheramone) per acre can control tobacco caterpillar.

Coloured Traps

Installing yellow-coloured galvanized ironsheet traps coated with castor oil @5per acre can control the spread of white fly.

Bird Petches

Installing 3-4 Bird Petches in the field facilitates birds to eat the larvae.

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Physical Methods

Healthy Seedlings

Using of healthy and vigourous seedlings can protect the crop from pests and diseases.
Seedlings affected with Root knot, Black Shank and Stem borer should be rejected.

Hand picking of egg masses, larvae and adults

If the moth counts per trap is more than five, Collect and destroys the egg masses and larvae.

Collection and Destruction of affected plants

Collection and destruction of plants affected with leaf curl disease can control the spread of the disease.

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Chemical Control

Discriminate use of chemicals as when needed at appropriate time with recommended doses can control pests and diseases effectively with out any environmental pollution.

Chemicals of Plant Origin

Using of Neem Cake, Neem Oil, and Pongamia Cake can control the pests in Tobacco.
Application of 5gm of Neem cake or Pongamia cake powder (mixed in handful of sand) at the base of seedlings can protect the plants from Ground beetles.
Application of Neem cake powder is recommended for control of soil borne diseases in nursery.
Spraying of 0.5% of Neem oil is recommended for control of Tobacco Caterpiller.

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Tamilnadu

Tobacco

About Tobacco

History
Morphology

Tobacco Management

Services Overview

The key services offered by Ikisan are:

System study, design and development of IT enabled solutions and services for the agri sector.

Execution of rural IT enabled projects on BOT/BOOT/Turnkey basis.

Development, Customization and Deployment of Ikisan's IPR protected software applications.

Providing support services and best management practices for augmenting the marketing development efforts of the groups agricultural input companies (NFCL and NACL).

Development and Dissemination of best practice and information though a unique multi lingual knowledge website for the agri sector.

Some of the key customers/partners that benefit significantly from our work include are Electronics Corporation of India Ltd, State Agricultural Marketing Boards, Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Tamilnadu, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Motorola Mobility (GOOGLE) etc.

As highlighted earlier Ikisan provides significant support to the market development and marketing efforts of NFCL and NACL by providing best practices and information across the agricultural input value chain - weather, soil, seeds, fertilizers, water, pesticides, output prices etc. that have enabled the companies to develop deep customer relationships and in turn enable them to grow above market growth rates. Recently example in fertilizers includes the development of Customized Fertilizer Grades (for NFCL across India that are crop and location specific have not only reduced the current consumption of fertilizers of farmers but have significantly enhanced crop yields and farmer incomes) that are expected to add significant revenues to the company.

Currently, agriculture value chain is driven by technical expertise. However, there is a lack of adequate Management knowledge and skills amongst the professionals. Therefore, Ikisan and XLRI, Jamshedpur have jointly developed an Agri Business Management Program for Agri-professionals and students. Ikisan provides the domain expertise while XLRI provides pedagogy. This program is a combination of virtual learning and campus based module at XLRI, Jamshedpur. This program has been highly appreciated.

Intellectual Property Rights for many software applications such as Field Manager, Vyapar, Mandi, Quick Solutions Systems, Management Time Table, Agri Information System and Agrecommerz belong to Ikisan. A significant recent development in this area is the introduction of Weather Based Crop Insurance. This entails setting up of Automatic Weather Stations, which provide dynamic village-level data essential for settlement of weather based insurance claims.