Rice

Kharif

Krishna Godavari Zone North Coastal Zone Southern Zone Scarce Rainfall Zone

Transplanted Rice management time table for Krishna Godavari Zone -Kharif

Note: Time table is for a medium duration variety (140-145 days). Numbers refers to days after transplanting (DAT)

-25	0	25	45	70	75	120
Nursery Management	Planting	Max tillering	P.I	Heading	Flowering	Maturity

Pre-Plant Management
Nursery Management(10% of transplanted area)
-30	Plough the field Apply 200-300 kg FYM/100 m2 Flood the field and Puddle thoroughly
-25	Raise seed beds - 1 ½ m width - convenient length -30 cm channels in between beds Apply 1kg N + 0.5 kg P2O5 +0.5 kg K2O/ 100 m2 Broadcast the seed uniformly Avoid excess water
-27	5-6 kg seed / 100m2 Remove ill -filled grain (2% salt water) Thiram / Captan treatment (3g/kg seed) Incubate for 24-36 hours

Land Preparation
-10 to -15	First puddling Add green manure-incorporate / Apply FYM
-3 to -5	Give second puddling
-1	Give third puddling Allow allays of 20 cm for every 2m width Level the land perfectly

Crop Establishment
0	Maintain 3+- 2 cm water level Transplant young (25 days age) seedlings (4-6 leaf stage) Shallow (2-3 cm depth), close (20 x 15 cm) planting advantageous See that there should be 33 seedlings / m2 Increase seedling number (close spacing) if planting is delayed or less fertile soil
+12 to +15	Fill gaps by transplanting

Weed Management
Note: Timing of herbicide application is very important relevant to the day of last puddling but not the day of transplanting.
-20 to -25	Spray 2,4-D sodium salt (5-12 kg/ha) on fresh growth of Cyperus (if Cyperus weed intensity is high) Plough after one week of spray Plant paddy after 20-25 days
-10 to 12	Spray glyphosate (2.5 - 3.5l/ha) on fresh growth of Cyperus (if Cyperus weed intensity is high) Plough after one week of spray Plant paddy after 10-12 days
3 to 5	Apply 2,4-D ethyl - ester granules @ 0.8 kg 2/ha Butachlore or Benthiocarb (1kg /ha for light soils / 1.5 kg a.i/ha for heavy soils)

Nutrient Management
Zone	Season	Stage	N	P	K
Zone	Season	Stage	Kg/acre
Krishna Godavari zone	Kharif(fertileSoils)	a) Last puddling	8	16	12-16
		b) 30 days after transplanting	8	--	--
		c) Panicle initiation stage	8	--	--
	Kharif (low fertile)	a) Last puddling	12	16	8
		b) 20 DAT	10	--	--
		c) Panicle initiation stage	10	--	8

Water Management
0	Less water depth (2-3 cm) for easy and shallow transplantation
+1 to + 2	Increase the level of water in the field (5-7 cm) for better establishment of seedlings
+3 to 40	Maintain shallow water depth (2-3 cm)
+40 to 42	Drain the water completely and dry for two days(only for heavy soils)
+40 to+80	Increase water level in the field (5-7 cm) Most critical period for moisture
+80 to 100	Reduce water depth to (2-3 cm)
+100	Gradually with draw water from field (for matuation and easy harvest)

Pest and disease management
Monitor the pest and disease incidence and accordingly the plant protection measures have to be taken up.

Post production
+120 to 125	Crop may attain physiological maturity
	Drain the field 10-15 days before harvest
	Harvest the crop around 20-25% moisture in the grain.

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Transplanted Rice management time table for North Costal Zone- kharif

Note: Time table is for a medium duration variety (140-145 days). Numbers refers to days after transplanting (DAT)

-25	0	25	45	70	75	120
Nursery Management	Planting	Max tillering	P.I	Heading	Flowering	Maturity

Pre-Plant Management
Nursery Management(10% of transplanted area)
-30	Plough the field Apply 200-300 kg FYM/100 m2 Flood the field and Puddle thoroughly
-25	Raise seed beds - 1 ½ m width - convenient length -30 cm channels in between beds Apply 1kg N + 0.5 kg P2O5 +0.5 kg K2O/ 100 m2 Broadcast the seed uniformly Avoid excess water
-27	5-6 kg seed / 100m2 Remove ill -filled grain (2% salt water) Thiram / Captan treatment (3g/kg seed) Incubate for 24-36 hours

Land Preparation
-10 to -15	First puddling Add green manure-incorporate / Apply FYM
-3 to -5	Give second puddling
-1	Give third puddling Allow allays of 20 cm for every 2m width Level the land perfectly

Crop Establishment
0	Maintain 3+- 2 cm water level Transplant young (25 days age) seedlings (4-6 leaf stage) Shallow (2-3 cm depth), close (20 x 15 cm) planting advantageous See that there should be 33 seedlings / m2 Increase seedling number (close spacing) if planting is delayed or less fertile soil
+12 to +15	Fill gaps by transplanting

Nutrient Management
Zone	Season	Stage	N	P	K
Zone	Season	Stage	Kg/acre
North Coastal zone	Kharif (Irrigated)	a) Last puddling	--	24	16-20
		b) 10 -20 days after Transplanting	16	--	--
		c) Tillering stage	8	--	--
		d) Panicle initiation stage	8	--	--
	Kharif (Rain-fed)	a) Last puddling	--	24	16-20
		b) After first weeding	12	--	--
		c) Tillering	6	--	--
		d) Boot leaf stage	6	--	--

Water Management
0	Less water depth (2-3 cm) for easy and shallow transplantation
+1 to + 2	Increase the level of water in the field (5-7 cm) for better establishment of seedlings
+3 to 40	Maintain shallow water depth (2-3 cm)
+40 to 42	Drain the water completely and dry for two days(only for heavy soils)
+40 to+80	Increase water level in the field (5-7 cm) Most critical period for moisture
+80 to 100	Reduce water depth to (2-3 cm)
+100	Gradually with draw water from field (for matuation and easy harvest)

Pest and disease management
Monitor the pest and disease incidence and accordingly the plant protection measures have to be taken up.

Post production
+120 to 125	Crop may attain physiological maturity
	Drain the field 10-15 days before harvest
	Harvest the crop around 20-25% moisture in the grain.

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Transplanted Rice management time table for Southern Zone-Kharif

Note: Time table is for a medium duration variety (140-145 days). Numbers refers to days after transplanting (DAT)

-25	0	25	45	70	75	120
Nursery Management	Planting	Max tillering	P.I	Heading	Flowering	Maturity

Pre-Plant Management
Nursery Management(10% of transplanted area)
-30	Plough the field Apply 200-300 kg FYM/100 m2 Flood the field and Puddle thoroughly
-25	Raise seed beds - 1 ½ m width - convenient length -30 cm channels in between beds Apply 1kg N + 0.5 kg P2O5 +0.5 kg K2O/ 100 m2 Broadcast the seed uniformly Avoid excess water
-27	5-6 kg seed / 100m2 Remove ill -filled grain (2% salt water) Thiram / Captan treatment (3g/kg seed) Incubate for 24-36 hours

Land Preparation
-10 to -15	First puddling Add green manure-incorporate / Apply FYM
-3 to -5	Give second puddling
-1	Give third puddling Allow allays of 20 cm for every 2m width Level the land perfectly

Crop Establishment
0	Maintain 3+- 2 cm water level Transplant young (25 days age) seedlings (4-6 leaf stage) Shallow (2-3 cm depth), close (20 x 15 cm) planting advantageous See that there should be 33 seedlings / m2 Increase seedling number (close spacing) if planting is delayed or less fertile soil
+12 to +15	Fill gaps by transplanting

Weed Management
Note: Timing of herbicide application is very important relevant to the day of last puddling but not the day of transplanting.
-20 to -25	Spary 2,4-D sodium salt (5-12 kg/ha) on fresh growth of cyperus (if cyperus weed intensity is high) Plough after one week of spray Plant paddy after 20-25 days
-10 to 12	Spray glyphosate (2.5 - 3.5l/ha) on fresh growth of cyperus (if cyperus weed intensity is high) Plough after one week of spray Plant paddy after 10-12 days
3 to 5	Apply 2,4-D ethyl - ester granules @ 0.8 kg 2/ha Butachlore or Benthiocarb (1kg /ha for light soils / 1.5 kg a.i/ha for heavy soils)

Nutrient Management
Zone	Season	Stage	N	P	K
Zone	Season	Stage	Kg/acre
Southern zone	Kharif	a) Last puddling	12	24	16 (Heavy Soils) 8 (Light Soils)
		b) 30 DAT	10	--	--
		c) Panicle initiation stage	10	--	8 (Light Soils)

Water Management
0	Less water depth (2-3 cm) for easy and shallow transplantation
+1 to + 2	Increase the level of water in the field (5-7 cm) for better establishment of seedlings
+3 to 40	Maintain shallow water depth (2-3 cm)
+40 to 42	Drain the water completely and dry for two days(only for heavy soils)
+40 to+80	Increase water level in the field (5-7 cm) Most critical period for moisture
+80 to 100	Reduce water depth to (2-3 cm)
+100	Gradually with draw water from field (for matuation and easy harvest)

Pest and disease management
Monitor the pest and disease incidence and accordingly the plant protection measures have to be taken up.

Post production
+120 to 125	Crop may attain physiological maturity
	Drain the field 10-15 days before harvest
	Harvest the crop around 20-25% moisture in the grain.

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Management time table for Scarce rainfall Zone-Kharif

Dry direct seeded and later converted to wet (parts of Rayalseema)
Transplanted

Note: Numbers refers to days after sowing.

0	50	83	90	115
Sowing	P.I	Heading	Flowering	Maturity

Pre-Sowing Management
-7 to -10	Land preparation (Good tilth) Organic matter (FYM/Compost) application Perfectly levelled

Crop Establishment
-1	Put seed in 10% salt solution (remove 2 kg salt/20 ltrs of water) Wash 2-3 times with fresh water Soak the seed in water for 24 hours Dry in shade
0	Drill seed (80-90 kg/ha) at opt. Soil moisture Drill seed at 25-30 cm spacing and 3-5 cm depth followed by immediate covering of seed bed if necessary compact seed bed.
+12 to +15	Fill gaps by reseeding (this operation carried out only if sufficient moisture is available)

Weed Management
+20 to +25	Run blade harrow (Metla Guntaka) in between the rows. Hand weeding within the rows.
0 to + 5	Apply pre-rice emergence Butachlor/Benthiocarb(1kg a.i/ha)

Nutrient Management
0	Apply (drill) 30kg P2O5/ha followed by seed drilling
+40 to 45(P.I)	Apply 30 kg N (Critical) Monitor N status N – Nutrition at P.I is critical

Water Management
+30 to +35	Flood the field (or as per the canal water release) Maintain less depth of water (3-2 cm).
+50 to +90	Increase water level in the field Coincides with P.I & Flowering – critical phases for moisture

Pest and disease management
Monitor the pest and disease incidence and accordingly the plant protection measures have to be taken up.

Post production
	Crop may attain physiological maturity 25 days after flowering
	Drain the field 10-15 days before harvest
	Harvest the crop around 20-25% moisture in the grain.

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Andhra Pradesh

Rice

About Rice

History

Morphology and Growth

Rice Management

Services Overview

The key services offered by Ikisan are:

System study, design and development of IT enabled solutions and services for the agri sector.

Execution of rural IT enabled projects on BOT/BOOT/Turnkey basis.

Development, Customization and Deployment of Ikisan's IPR protected software applications.

Providing support services and best management practices for augmenting the marketing development efforts of the groups agricultural input companies (NFCL and NACL).

Development and Dissemination of best practice and information though a unique multi lingual knowledge website for the agri sector.

Some of the key customers/partners that benefit significantly from our work include are Electronics Corporation of India Ltd, State Agricultural Marketing Boards, Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Tamil Nadu, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Motorola Mobility (GOOGLE) etc.

As highlighted earlier Ikisan provides significant support to the market development and marketing efforts of NFCL and NACL by providing best practices and information across the agricultural input value chain - weather, soil, seeds, fertilizers, water, pesticides, output prices etc. that have enabled the companies to develop deep customer relationships and in turn enable them to grow above market growth rates. Recently example in fertilizers includes the development of Customized Fertilizer Grades (for NFCL across India that are crop and location specific have not only reduced the current consumption of fertilizers of farmers but have significantly enhanced crop yields and farmer incomes) that are expected to add significant revenues to the company.

Currently, agriculture value chain is driven by technical expertise. However, there is a lack of adequate Management knowledge and skills amongst the professionals. Therefore, Ikisan and XLRI, Jamshedpur have jointly developed an Agri Business Management Program for Agri-professionals and students. Ikisan provides the domain expertise while XLRI provides pedagogy. This program is a combination of virtual learning and campus based module at XLRI, Jamshedpur. This program has been highly appreciated.

Intellectual Property Rights for many software applications such as Field Manager, Vyapar, Mandi, Quick Solutions Systems, Management Time Table, Agri Information System and Agrecommerz belong to Ikisan. A significant recent development in this area is the introduction of Weather Based Crop Insurance. This entails setting up of Automatic Weather Stations, which provide dynamic village-level data essential for settlement of weather based insurance claims.