Mustard

Crop Establishment

Sowing Cropping Practices

Sowing

Time of sowing:

Sowing time is very important as the attack of aphids and the extent of damage can be reduced by sowing the crop earlier or before middle of November.
Torai must be sown between mid to last week of September as the crop suffers badly due to the cold.
The temperature should range between 26 - 30^oC at the time of sowing.

Seed Rate :

pure crop of mustard and rapeseed needs about 6 - 7.5 kgs / ha.
Torai needs 4 - 5 kgs /ha.
Mixed or inter crop of mustard requires about 2.5 - 3 kg seed/ha.
Seed rate in the case of mixed crop depends on its propotianate area to the main crop.
The depth of the seeding should not exceed 3 cms.

Seed Treatment :

The seed must be treated with Thiram / Captan @ 2.5 grammes /kg of seeds before sowing.

Method of Sowing:

Line sowing has always given better results than broadcasting.
Broadcasting in case of high moisture conditions is common especially for Torai crop.
Sowing should be done in shallow furrows behind the desi plough or through seed drill or malabasa.
It is good and economical to adopt any of these devices for sowing the crop.

Spacing:

In case of a pure crop, a closer spacing has given better results.
A spacing of 40-45 cms between rows and 15 cms between plants is recommended for Rai and Sarson.
30 cms between rows and 10-15 cms between plants is recommended for yellow sarson and tora brown sarson.
In case of mixed cropping with wheat, sowing mustard in parallel rows 150-200 cms apart alternating with main crop is recommended.
Broadcasting of mixed seeds is still in practice but it gives a poor seed yield.

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Cropping Practices

Mixed Cropping

I Mustard + gram

After four rows of gram one row of mustard is sown. And 25 to 30cm. Row to row distance is maintained.

II. Mustard + Potato

After each four rows of potato, mustard is sown in the furrow after earthling of potato while irrigating potato the mouth of these furrows are closed and these furrows are irrigated twice like mustard main crop.

III. Mustard and winter sugarcane

In between two rows of sugarcane one row of mustard or two rows of loris is sown. In this manner mustard row is 45cm apart and Taria is 30cm apart from sugarcane.

Iv. Mustard + Wheat / barley

One row of mustard should be sown after 9 rows of wheat or barley where as one row of Taria should be sown after 6rows of wheat.

Crop rotation

Urd/moongeHTaria - wheat / barley
Green maize - Taria - wheat
Rabimaize - Moong - Taria - wheat
Paddy - Taria - Potato
Soyabean - Mustard
Groundnut - wheat + mustard
Maize - Mustard - Moong / Urd
Paddy - Mustard /sugarcane - Ratoon
Bajra - Rai / Mustard
Paddy - Taria - Wheat

Recommended Interculture Practices for U.P

SNo	Intercrops	Improved Varites		Row Ratio	Seed rate per hac
SNo	Intercrops	Main Crop	Inter Crop	Row Ratio	Main Crop	Inter Crop
1.	Potato Rai	Kufri chandramukhi, Kufri Bahar, Kufri Alankar	Kranthi, Rohani Vardan, Varuna Narendra Rai - 8501.	3:1 One row of Rai after 3 rows of potato 50cm. Apart.	20-25 Quintals	1 to 1.5kg
2.	Sugarcane Taria	Co-1158 B.O-91 Co.S- 767	P.T-30 P.T-303 T-9	1:2 Two row of taria in between two rows of sugarcane 90cm. Apart	70-75 quentals	2 kg
3.	Sugarcane Rai	Co.S. 8315 Co.S. 7918 Co.S. 8412	Varuna Kranti Krishna	1:2 Two rows of Rai in between two rows of Sugarcane 90cm. Apart.	60-70 Quental	60-70 Quental
4.	Wheat Rai	Recommended varieties	Vardan Narender Rai 8501	9:1 After each 9 rows of wheat 1rows of mustard	90 kg	500 gms
5.	Gram-Rai	Panth G - 114 Radhay Pusa - 256 P.D.G - 84 -10	Varuna Vabhav	5:1 Sow one row of mustard 30cm apart 5rows of gram.	60-70kg	1.00 kg

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Uttar Pradesh

Mustard

About Rapeseed And Mustard

History
Morphology and Growth

Rapeseed And Mustard Management

Services Overview

The key services offered by Ikisan are:

System study, design and development of IT enabled solutions and services for the agri sector.

Execution of rural IT enabled projects on BOT/BOOT/Turnkey basis.

Development, Customization and Deployment of Ikisan's IPR protected software applications.

Providing support services and best management practices for augmenting the marketing development efforts of the groups agricultural input companies (NFCL and NACL).

Development and Dissemination of best practice and information though a unique multi lingual knowledge website for the agri sector.

Some of the key customers/partners that benefit significantly from our work include are Electronics Corporation of India Ltd, State Agricultural Marketing Boards, Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Tamil Nadu, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Motorola Mobility (GOOGLE) etc.

As highlighted earlier Ikisan provides significant support to the market development and marketing efforts of NFCL and NACL by providing best practices and information across the agricultural input value chain - weather, soil, seeds, fertilizers, water, pesticides, output prices etc. that have enabled the companies to develop deep customer relationships and in turn enable them to grow above market growth rates. Recently example in fertilizers includes the development of Customized Fertilizer Grades (for NFCL across India that are crop and location specific have not only reduced the current consumption of fertilizers of farmers but have significantly enhanced crop yields and farmer incomes) that are expected to add significant revenues to the company.

Currently, agriculture value chain is driven by technical expertise. However, there is a lack of adequate Management knowledge and skills amongst the professionals. Therefore, Ikisan and XLRI, Jamshedpur have jointly developed an Agri Business Management Program for Agri-professionals and students. Ikisan provides the domain expertise while XLRI provides pedagogy. This program is a combination of virtual learning and campus based module at XLRI, Jamshedpur. This program has been highly appreciated.

Intellectual Property Rights for many software applications such as Field Manager, Vyapar, Mandi, Quick Solutions Systems, Management Time Table, Agri Information System and Agrecommerz belong to Ikisan. A significant recent development in this area is the introduction of Weather Based Crop Insurance. This entails setting up of Automatic Weather Stations, which provide dynamic village-level data essential for settlement of weather based insurance claims.