Mustard

Harvesting And Storage

Harvesting

• The crop should be harvested as the pods turn to yellow color.
• The crop is harvested with hand sickles.
• The threshing in done by beating the pods with wooden sticks or by trampling with bullocks.
• The winnowing is done with the help of the natural air current.
• The wind velocity should not be very high, as the seed is very small and light and can be flown off.
• Torai is the earliest maturing variety and matures in about 75-90 days.
• Rai matures in about 110-180 days , yellow sarson in 130-160 days and brown sarson in 105-145 days
• When immature mustard crop is harvested yield and oil percentage decreases.
• Some way if over mature crop is harvested pods shatter and there is tot of grain loss. Exessive dry seeds have decrease oil content.
• The best time for mustard harvest is when 70 to 80 percent pods ripened and turned yellow.
• In this stage seeds are hard and they don't break by rubbing in hands. Seed achieves its natural colour and there is 40percent moisture in seed.
• By harvesting mustard in morning hours when pods are moist because of dew. The rish of pod shattering is reduced to its minimum.

Yield

• Rapeseed and mustard are grown in very poor and neglected conditions therefore a very low average yield of about 4-6 qt/Ha has been reported.

Following yields have been reported from different groups of the crop:

Variety	Average Yield	Highest Yield
Toria	5 Q/ha	8-10 Q/ ha
Yellow Mustard	10 - 12 Q /ha	30 Q/ ha or More
Rai	12-15 Q/ ha	25-35 Q/ha

Crop	Variety	Duration
Yellow Serson	T 10 , 105	155 days
	Varuna	135 days
Rai	RT -1	140 days
	T-16	130 days
Laha	101	140 days
	K-1, Shekhar	110 days
	Rout Rai - 18, Pusa Bold	110 Days

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